AppleScript Keywords

This appendix lists AppleScript keywords (or reserved words), provides a brief description for each, and points to related information, where available. (See also Keywords in AppleScript Lexical Conventions.)

The keywords in Table A-1 are part of the AppleScript language. You should not attempt to reuse them in your scripts for variable names or other purposes. Developers should not re-define keywords in the terminology for their scriptable applications. You can view many additional scripting terms defined by Apple, but not part of the AppleScript language, in AppleScript Terminology and Apple Event Codes.

Table A-1  AppleScript reserved words, with descriptions

about

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

above

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

after

used to describe position in the Relative reference form; used as part of operator (comes after, does not come after) with classes such as date, integer, and text

against

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

and

logical and operator—see Table 9-1

apart from

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

around

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

as

coercion operator—see Table 9-1

aside from

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

at

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

back

used with Index and Relative reference forms; in back of is synonymous with after and behind

before

used to describe position in the Relative reference form; used as an operator (comes before, does not come before) with classes such as date, integer, and text; synonymous with in front of

beginning

specifies an insertion location at the beginning of a container—see the boundary specifier descriptions for the Range reference form

behind

synonymous with after and in back of

below

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

beneath

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

beside

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

between

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

but

used in considering and ignoring Statements

by

used with binary containment operator contains, is contained by; also used as handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

considering

a control statement—see considering and ignoring Statements

contain, contains

binary containment operator—see contains, is contained by

continue

changes the flow of execution—see continue

copy

an AppleScript command—see copy

div

division operator—see Table 9-1

does

used with operators such as does not equal, does not come before, and does not contain—see Table 9-1

eighth

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

else

used with if control statement—see if Statements

end

marks the end of a script or handler definition, or of a compound statement, such as a tell or repeat statement; also specifies an insertion location at the end of a container—see the boundary specifier descriptions for the Range reference form

equal, equals

binary comparison operator—see equal, is not equal to

error

error control statement; also used withtry statement

every

specifies every object in a container—see Every reference form

exit

terminates a repeat loop—see exit

false

a Boolean literal—see Boolean

fifth

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

first

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

for

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

fourth

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

from

used in specifying a range of objects in a container—see Range reference form; also used as handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

front

in front of is used to describe position in the Relative reference form; synonymous with before

get

an AppleScript command—see get

given

a special handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

global

specifies the scope for a variable (see also local)—see Global Variables

if

a control statement—see if Statements

ignoring

a control statement—see considering and ignoring Statements

in

used in construction object specifiers—see Containers; also used with the Relative reference form—for example in front of and in back of

instead of

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

into

put into is a deprecated synonym for the copy command; also used as handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

is

used with various comparison operators—see Table 9-1

it

refers to the current target (of it)—see The it and me Keywords

its

synonym for of it—see The it and me Keywords

last

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

local

specifies the scope for a variable (see also global)—see Local Variables

me

refers to the current script (of me)—see The it and me Keywords

middle

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

mod

remainder operator—see Table 9-1

my

synonym for of me—see The it and me Keywords

ninth

specifies a position in a container—see Middle reference form

not

logical negation operator—see Table 9-1

of

used in construction object specifiers—see Containers; used with or as part of many other terms, including of me , in front of , and so on

on

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

onto

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

or

logical or operator—see Table 9-1

out of

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

over

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

prop, property

prop is an abbreviation for property—see The it and me Keywords

put

put into is a deprecated synonym for the copy command

ref/reference

ref is an abbreviation for reference—see reference

repeat

a control statement—see repeat Statements

return

exits from a handler—see return

returning

deprecated

script

used to declare a script object; also the class of a script object—see the script class and Script Objects

second

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

set

an AppleScript command—see set

seventh

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

since

handler parameter label—see Handler Syntax (Labeled Parameters)

sixth

specifies an index position in a container—see Index reference form

some

specifies an object in a container—see Arbitrary reference form

tell

a control statement—see tell Statements

tenth

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

that

synonym for whose

the

syntactic no-op, used to make script statements look more like natural language

then

used with if control statement—see if Statements

third

specifies a position in a container—see Index reference form

through, thru

used in specifying a range of objects in a container—see Range reference form

timeout

used with with timeout control statement—see with timeout

times

used with repeat control statement—see repeat (number) times

to

used in many places, including copy and set commands; in the Range reference form; by operators such as is equal to and a reference to; with the control statement repeat with loopVariable (from startValue to stopValue); with the partial result parameter in try Statements

transaction

used with with transaction control statement—see with transaction

true

a Boolean literal—see Boolean

try

an error-handling statement—see try Statements

until

used with repeat control statement—see repeat until

use

a requirement statement—see use Statements

where

used with the Filter reference form to specify a Boolean test expression (synonymous with whose)

while

used with repeat control statement—see repeat while

whose

used with the Filter reference form to specify a Boolean test expression (synonymous with where)

with

used in commands to specify various kinds of parameters, including true for some Boolean for parameters—see, for example, the with prompt and multiple selections allowed parameters to the choose from list command; also used with application make commands to specify properties (with properties)

without

used in commands to specify false for a Boolean for a parameter—see, for example, the multiple selections allowed parameter to the choose from list command