text

matplotlib.text

Classes for including text in a figure.

class matplotlib.text.Annotation(s, xy, xytext=None, xycoords='data', textcoords=None, arrowprops=None, annotation_clip=None, **kwargs)

Bases: matplotlib.text.Text, matplotlib.text._AnnotationBase

An Annotation is a Text that can refer to a specific position xy. Optionally an arrow pointing from the text to xy can be drawn.

Attributes:

xy

The annotated position.

xycoords

The coordinate system for xy.

arrow_patch

A FancyArrowPatch to point from xytext to xy.

Annotate the point xy with text s.

In the simplest form, the text is placed at xy.

Optionally, the text can be displayed in another position xytext. An arrow pointing from the text to the annotated point xy can then be added by defining arrowprops.

Parameters:

s : str

The text of the annotation.

xy : (float, float)

The point (x,y) to annotate.

xytext : (float, float), optional

The position (x,y) to place the text at. If None, defaults to xy.

xycoords : str, Artist, Transform, callable or tuple, optional

The coordinate system that xy is given in. The following types of values are supported:

• One of the following strings:

  Value	Description
  'figure points'	Points from the lower left of the figure
  'figure pixels'	Pixels from the lower left of the figure
  'figure fraction'	Fraction of figure from lower left
  'axes points'	Points from lower left corner of axes
  'axes pixels'	Pixels from lower left corner of axes
  'axes fraction'	Fraction of axes from lower left
  'data'	Use the coordinate system of the object being annotated (default)
  'polar'	(theta,r) if not native 'data' coordinates

• An Artist: xy is interpreted as a fraction of the artists Bbox. E.g. (0, 0) would be the lower left corner of the bounding box and (0.5, 1) would be the center top of the bounding box.

• A Transform to transform xy to screen coordinates.

• A function with one of the following signatures:

  def transform(renderer) -> Bbox
  def transform(renderer) -> Transform
  

  where renderer is a RendererBase subclass.

  The result of the function is interpreted like the Artist and Transform cases above.

• A tuple (xcoords, ycoords) specifying separate coordinate systems for x and y. xcoords and ycoords must each be of one of the above described types.

See Advanced Annotation for more details.

Defaults to 'data'.

textcoords : str, Artist, Transform, callable or tuple, optional

The coordinate system that xytext is given in.

All xycoords values are valid as well as the following strings:

Value	Description
'offset points'	Offset (in points) from the xy value
'offset pixels'	Offset (in pixels) from the xy value

Defaults to the value of xycoords, i.e. use the same coordinate system for annotation point and text position.

arrowprops : dict, optional

The properties used to draw a FancyArrowPatch arrow between the positions xy and xytext.

If arrowprops does not contain the key 'arrowstyle' the allowed keys are:

Key	Description
width	The width of the arrow in points
headwidth	The width of the base of the arrow head in points
headlength	The length of the arrow head in points
shrink	Fraction of total length to shrink from both ends
?	Any key to matplotlib.patches.FancyArrowPatch

If arrowprops contains the key 'arrowstyle' the above keys are forbidden. The allowed values of 'arrowstyle' are:

Name	Attrs
'-'	None
'->'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'-['	widthB=1.0,lengthB=0.2,angleB=None
'|-|'	widthA=1.0,widthB=1.0
'-|>'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'<-'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'<->'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'<|-'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'<|-|>'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2
'fancy'	head_length=0.4,head_width=0.4,tail_width=0.4
'simple'	head_length=0.5,head_width=0.5,tail_width=0.2
'wedge'	tail_width=0.3,shrink_factor=0.5

Valid keys for FancyArrowPatch are:

Key	Description
arrowstyle	the arrow style
connectionstyle	the connection style
relpos	default is (0.5, 0.5)
patchA	default is bounding box of the text
patchB	default is None
shrinkA	default is 2 points
shrinkB	default is 2 points
mutation_scale	default is text size (in points)
mutation_aspect	default is 1.
?	any key for matplotlib.patches.PathPatch

Defaults to None, i.e. no arrow is drawn.

annotation_clip : bool or None, optional

Whether to draw the annotation when the annotation point xy is outside the axes area.

• If True, the annotation will only be drawn when xy is within the axes.
• If False, the annotation will always be drawn.
• If None, the annotation will only be drawn when xy is within the axes and xycoords is 'data'.

Defaults to None.

**kwargs

Additional kwargs are passed to Text.

Returns:

annotation : Annotation

See also

Advanced Annotation

anncoords

The coordinate system to use for Annotation.xyann.

arrow

Deprecated since version 3.0: arrow was deprecated in Matplotlib 3.0 and will be removed in 3.2. Use arrow_patch instead.

contains(event)

Test whether the mouse event occurred in the patch.

In the case of text, a hit is true anywhere in the axis-aligned bounding-box containing the text.

Returns:

bool : bool

draw(renderer)

Draw the Annotation object to the given renderer.

get_anncoords()

Return the coordinate system to use for Annotation.xyann.

See also xycoords in Annotation.

get_window_extent(renderer=None)

Return the Bbox bounding the text and arrow, in display units.

Parameters:

renderer : Renderer, optional

A renderer is needed to compute the bounding box. If the artist has already been drawn, the renderer is cached; thus, it is only necessary to pass this argument when calling get_window_extent before the first draw. In practice, it is usually easier to trigger a draw first (e.g. by saving the figure).

set_anncoords(coords)

Set the coordinate system to use for Annotation.xyann.

See also xycoords in Annotation.

set_figure(fig)

Set the Figure instance the artist belongs to.

Parameters:

fig : Figure

update_positions(renderer)

Update the pixel positions of the annotated point and the text.

xyann

The the text position.

See also xytext in Annotation.

class matplotlib.text.OffsetFrom(artist, ref_coord, unit='points')

Bases: object

Callable helper class for working with Annotation

Parameters:

artist : Artist, BboxBase, or Transform

The object to compute the offset from.

ref_coord : length 2 sequence

If artist is an Artist or BboxBase, this values is the location to of the offset origin in fractions of the artist bounding box.

If artist is a transform, the offset origin is the transform applied to this value.

unit : {'points, 'pixels'}

The screen units to use (pixels or points) for the offset input.

get_unit()

The unit for input to the transform used by __call__

set_unit(unit)

The unit for input to the transform used by __call__

Parameters:

unit : {'points', 'pixels'}

class matplotlib.text.Text(x=0, y=0, text='', color=None, verticalalignment='baseline', horizontalalignment='left', multialignment=None, fontproperties=None, rotation=None, linespacing=None, rotation_mode=None, usetex=None, wrap=False, **kwargs)

Bases: matplotlib.artist.Artist

Handle storing and drawing of text in window or data coordinates.

Create a Text instance at x, y with string text.

Valid kwargs are

Property	Description
agg_filter	a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
alpha	float
animated	bool
backgroundcolor	color
bbox	dict with properties for patches.FancyBboxPatch
clip_box	matplotlib.transforms.Bbox
clip_on	bool
clip_path	{ (path.Path, transforms.Transform), patches.Patch, None }
color	color
contains	callable
figure	Figure
fontfamily	{FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
fontname	{FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
fontproperties	font_manager.FontProperties
fontsize	{size in points, 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'}
fontstretch	{a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultra-condensed', 'extra-condensed', 'condensed', 'semi-condensed', 'normal', 'semi-expanded', 'expanded', 'extra-expanded', 'ultra-expanded'}
fontstyle	{'normal', 'italic', 'oblique'}
fontvariant	{'normal', 'small-caps'}
fontweight	{a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'regular', 'book', 'medium', 'roman', 'semibold', 'demibold', 'demi', 'bold', 'heavy', 'extra bold', 'black'}
gid	str
horizontalalignment	{'center', 'right', 'left'}
in_layout	bool
label	object
linespacing	float (multiple of font size)
multialignment	{'left', 'right', 'center'}
path_effects	AbstractPathEffect
picker	None or bool or float or callable
position	(float, float)
rasterized	bool or None
rotation	{angle in degrees, 'vertical', 'horizontal'}
rotation_mode	{None, 'default', 'anchor'}
sketch_params	(scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snap	bool or None
text	string or object castable to string (but None becomes '')
transform	Transform
url	str
usetex	bool or None
verticalalignment	{'center', 'top', 'bottom', 'baseline', 'center_baseline'}
visible	bool
wrap	bool
x	float
y	float
zorder	float

contains(mouseevent)

Test whether the mouse event occurred in the patch.

In the case of text, a hit is true anywhere in the axis-aligned bounding-box containing the text.

Returns:

bool : bool

draw(renderer)

Draws the Text object to the given renderer.

get_bbox_patch()

Return the bbox Patch, or None if the patches.FancyBboxPatch is not made.

get_color()

Return the color of the text

get_family(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontfamily

get_font_properties(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontproperties

get_fontfamily()

Return the list of font families used for font lookup

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_family

get_fontname()

Return the font name as string

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_name

get_fontproperties()

Return the font_manager.FontProperties object

get_fontsize()

Return the font size as integer

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_size_in_points

get_fontstyle()

Return the font style as string

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_style

get_fontvariant()

Return the font variant as a string

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_variant

get_fontweight()

Get the font weight as string or number

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_weight

get_ha(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_horizontalalignment

get_horizontalalignment()

Return the horizontal alignment as string. Will be one of 'left', 'center' or 'right'.

get_name(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontname

get_position()

Return the position of the text as a tuple (x, y)

get_prop_tup(renderer=None)

Return a hashable tuple of properties.

Not intended to be human readable, but useful for backends who want to cache derived information about text (e.g., layouts) and need to know if the text has changed.

get_rotation()

Return the text angle as float in degrees.

get_rotation_mode()

Get the text rotation mode.

get_size(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontsize

get_stretch()

Get the font stretch as a string or number

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.get_stretch

get_style(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontstyle

get_text()

Get the text as string

get_unitless_position()

Return the unitless position of the text as a tuple (x, y)

get_usetex()

Return whether this Text object uses TeX for rendering.

If the user has not manually set this value, it defaults to rcParams["text.usetex"].

get_va(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_verticalalignment

get_variant(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontvariant

get_verticalalignment()

Return the vertical alignment as string. Will be one of 'top', 'center', 'bottom' or 'baseline'.

get_weight(*args, **kwargs)

alias for get_fontweight

get_window_extent(renderer=None, dpi=None)

Return the Bbox bounding the text, in display units.

In addition to being used internally, this is useful for specifying clickable regions in a png file on a web page.

Parameters:

renderer : Renderer, optional

A renderer is needed to compute the bounding box. If the artist has already been drawn, the renderer is cached; thus, it is only necessary to pass this argument when calling get_window_extent before the first draw. In practice, it is usually easier to trigger a draw first (e.g. by saving the figure).

dpi : float, optional

The dpi value for computing the bbox, defaults to self.figure.dpi (not the renderer dpi); should be set e.g. if to match regions with a figure saved with a custom dpi value.

get_wrap()

Return the wrapping state for the text.

static is_math_text(s, usetex=None)

Returns a cleaned string and a boolean flag. The flag indicates if the given string s contains any mathtext, determined by counting unescaped dollar signs. If no mathtext is present, the cleaned string has its dollar signs unescaped. If usetex is on, the flag always has the value "TeX".

set_backgroundcolor(color)

Set the background color of the text by updating the bbox.

Parameters:

color : color

See also

set_bbox

To change the position of the bounding box

set_bbox(rectprops)

Draw a bounding box around self.

Parameters:

rectprops : dict with properties for patches.FancyBboxPatch

The default boxstyle is 'square'. The mutation scale of the patches.FancyBboxPatch is set to the fontsize.

Examples

t.set_bbox(dict(facecolor='red', alpha=0.5))

set_clip_box(clipbox)

Set the artist's clip Bbox.

Parameters:

clipbox : matplotlib.transforms.Bbox

set_clip_on(b)

Set whether artist uses clipping.

When False, artists will be visible outside of the axes, which can lead to unexpected results.

Parameters:

b : bool

set_clip_path(path, transform=None)

Set the artist's clip path, which may be:

• a Patch (or subclass) instance

• a Path instance, in which case

  an optional Transform instance may be provided, which will be applied to the path before using it for clipping.

• None, to remove the clipping path

For efficiency, if the path happens to be an axis-aligned rectangle, this method will set the clipping box to the corresponding rectangle and set the clipping path to None.

ACCEPTS: { (path.Path, transforms.Transform),

patches.Patch, None }

set_color(color)

Set the foreground color of the text

Parameters:

color : color

set_family(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontfamily

set_font_properties(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontproperties

set_fontfamily(fontname)

Set the font family. May be either a single string, or a list of strings in decreasing priority. Each string may be either a real font name or a generic font class name. If the latter, the specific font names will be looked up in the corresponding rcParams.

Parameters:

fontname : {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_family

set_fontname(fontname)

alias for set_family

One-way alias only: the getter differs.

Parameters:

fontname : {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_family

set_fontproperties(fp)

Set the font properties that control the text.

Parameters:

fp : font_manager.FontProperties

set_fontsize(fontsize)

Set the font size. May be either a size string, relative to the default font size, or an absolute font size in points.

Parameters:

fontsize : {size in points, 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_size

set_fontstretch(stretch)

Set the font stretch (horizontal condensation or expansion).

Parameters:

stretch : {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultra-condensed', 'extra-condensed', 'condensed', 'semi-condensed', 'normal', 'semi-expanded', 'expanded', 'extra-expanded', 'ultra-expanded'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_stretch

set_fontstyle(fontstyle)

Set the font style.

Parameters:

fontstyle : {'normal', 'italic', 'oblique'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_style

set_fontvariant(variant)

Set the font variant, either 'normal' or 'small-caps'.

Parameters:

variant : {'normal', 'small-caps'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_variant

set_fontweight(weight)

Set the font weight.

Parameters:

weight : {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'regular', 'book', 'medium', 'roman', 'semibold', 'demibold', 'demi', 'bold', 'heavy', 'extra bold', 'black'}

See also

font_manager.FontProperties.set_weight

set_ha(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_horizontalalignment

set_horizontalalignment(align)

Set the horizontal alignment to one of

Parameters:

align : {'center', 'right', 'left'}

set_linespacing(spacing)

Set the line spacing as a multiple of the font size. Default is 1.2.

Parameters:

spacing : float (multiple of font size)

set_ma(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_multialignment

set_multialignment(align)

Set the alignment for multiple lines layout. The layout of the bounding box of all the lines is determined bu the horizontalalignment and verticalalignment properties, but the multiline text within that box can be

Parameters:

align : {'left', 'right', 'center'}

set_name(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontname

set_position(xy)

Set the (x, y) position of the text.

Parameters:

xy : (float, float)

set_rotation(s)

Set the rotation of the text.

Parameters:

s : {angle in degrees, 'vertical', 'horizontal'}

set_rotation_mode(m)

Set text rotation mode.

Parameters:

m : {None, 'default', 'anchor'}

If None or "default", the text will be first rotated, then aligned according to their horizontal and vertical alignments. If "anchor", then alignment occurs before rotation.

set_size(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontsize

set_stretch(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontstretch

set_style(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontstyle

set_text(s)

Set the text string s.

It may contain newlines (\n) or math in LaTeX syntax.

Parameters:

s : string or object castable to string (but None becomes '')

set_usetex(usetex)

Parameters:

usetex : bool or None

Whether to render using TeX, None means to use rcParams["text.usetex"].

set_va(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_verticalalignment

set_variant(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontvariant

set_verticalalignment(align)

Set the vertical alignment

Parameters:

align : {'center', 'top', 'bottom', 'baseline', 'center_baseline'}

set_weight(*args, **kwargs)

alias for set_fontweight

set_wrap(wrap)

Set the wrapping state for the text.

Parameters:

wrap : bool

set_x(x)

Set the x position of the text.

Parameters:

x : float

set_y(y)

Set the y position of the text.

Parameters:

y : float

update(kwargs)

Update properties from a dictionary.

update_bbox_position_size(renderer)

Update the location and the size of the bbox.

This method should be used when the position and size of the bbox needs to be updated before actually drawing the bbox.

update_from(other)

Copy properties from other to self.

zorder = 3

class matplotlib.text.TextWithDash(x=0, y=0, text='', color=None, verticalalignment='center', horizontalalignment='center', multialignment=None, fontproperties=None, rotation=None, linespacing=None, dashlength=0.0, dashdirection=0, dashrotation=None, dashpad=3, dashpush=0)

Bases: matplotlib.text.Text

This is basically a Text with a dash (drawn with a Line2D) before/after it. It is intended to be a drop-in replacement for Text, and should behave identically to it when dashlength = 0.0.

The dash always comes between the point specified by set_position() and the text. When a dash exists, the text alignment arguments (horizontalalignment, verticalalignment) are ignored.

dashlength is the length of the dash in canvas units. (default = 0.0).

dashdirection is one of 0 or 1, where 0 draws the dash after the text and 1 before. (default = 0).

dashrotation specifies the rotation of the dash, and should generally stay None. In this case get_dashrotation() returns get_rotation(). (i.e., the dash takes its rotation from the text's rotation). Because the text center is projected onto the dash, major deviations in the rotation cause what may be considered visually unappealing results. (default = None)

dashpad is a padding length to add (or subtract) space between the text and the dash, in canvas units. (default = 3)

dashpush "pushes" the dash and text away from the point specified by set_position() by the amount in canvas units. (default = 0)

Note

The alignment of the two objects is based on the bounding box of the Text, as obtained by get_window_extent(). This, in turn, appears to depend on the font metrics as given by the rendering backend. Hence the quality of the "centering" of the label text with respect to the dash varies depending on the backend used.

Note

I'm not sure that I got the get_window_extent() right, or whether that's sufficient for providing the object bounding box.

draw(renderer)

Draw the TextWithDash object to the given renderer.

get_dashdirection()

Get the direction dash. 1 is before the text and 0 is after.

get_dashlength()

Get the length of the dash.

get_dashpad()

Get the extra spacing between the dash and the text, in canvas units.

get_dashpush()

Get the extra spacing between the dash and the specified text position, in canvas units.

get_dashrotation()

Get the rotation of the dash in degrees.

get_figure()

return the figure instance the artist belongs to

get_position()

Return the position of the text as a tuple (x, y)

get_prop_tup(renderer=None)

Return a hashable tuple of properties.

Not intended to be human readable, but useful for backends who want to cache derived information about text (e.g., layouts) and need to know if the text has changed.

get_unitless_position()

Return the unitless position of the text as a tuple (x, y)

get_window_extent(renderer=None)

Return a Bbox object bounding the text, in display units.

In addition to being used internally, this is useful for specifying clickable regions in a png file on a web page.

renderer defaults to the _renderer attribute of the text object. This is not assigned until the first execution of draw(), so you must use this kwarg if you want to call get_window_extent() prior to the first draw(). For getting web page regions, it is simpler to call the method after saving the figure.

set_dashdirection(dd)

Set the direction of the dash following the text. 1 is before the text and 0 is after. The default is 0, which is what you'd want for the typical case of ticks below and on the left of the figure.

Parameters:

dd : int (1 is before, 0 is after)

set_dashlength(dl)

Set the length of the dash, in canvas units.

Parameters:

dl : float

set_dashpad(dp)

Set the "pad" of the TextWithDash, which is the extra spacing between the dash and the text, in canvas units.

Parameters:

dp : float

set_dashpush(dp)

Set the "push" of the TextWithDash, which is the extra spacing between the beginning of the dash and the specified position.

Parameters:

dp : float

set_dashrotation(dr)

Set the rotation of the dash, in degrees.

Parameters:

dr : float

set_figure(fig)

Set the figure instance the artist belongs to.

Parameters:

fig : matplotlib.figure.Figure

set_position(xy)

Set the (x, y) position of the TextWithDash.

Parameters:

xy : (float, float)

set_transform(t)

Set the matplotlib.transforms.Transform instance used by this artist.

Parameters:

t : matplotlib.transforms.Transform

set_x(x)

Set the x position of the TextWithDash.

Parameters:

x : float

set_y(y)

Set the y position of the TextWithDash.

Parameters:

y : float

update_coords(renderer)

Computes the actual x, y coordinates for text based on the input x, y and the dashlength. Since the rotation is with respect to the actual canvas's coordinates we need to map back and forth.

matplotlib.text.get_rotation(rotation)

Return the text angle as float between 0 and 360 degrees.

rotation may be 'horizontal', 'vertical', or a numeric value in degrees.