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The data buffer sent with the ICMP echo request is returned to the sender in the echo reply so the roundtrip travel time for a packet of a known size can be computed. The data buffer, combined with the PingOptions.DontFragment option, can be used to discover the maximum transmission unit for the network path between the source and destination computers. For additional information, see "Traceroute" in RFC 1574, Section 3.2, available at http://www.ietf.org.
The default buffer used with erload:System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping.Send and erload:System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping.SendAsync contains 32 bytes of data.