PHP 7.0.6 Released

file

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

fileReads entire file into an array

Description

array file ( string $filename [, int $flags = 0 [, resource $context ]] )

Reads an entire file into an array.

Note:

You can use file_get_contents() to return the contents of a file as a string.

Parameters

filename

Path to the file.

Tip

A URL can be used as a filename with this function if the fopen wrappers have been enabled. See fopen() for more details on how to specify the filename. See the Supported Protocols and Wrappers for links to information about what abilities the various wrappers have, notes on their usage, and information on any predefined variables they may provide.

flags

The optional parameter flags can be one, or more, of the following constants:

FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH
Search for the file in the include_path.
FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES
Do not add newline at the end of each array element
FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES
Skip empty lines

context

A context resource created with the stream_context_create() function.

Note: Context support was added with PHP 5.0.0. For a description of contexts, refer to Streams.

Return Values

Returns the file in an array. Each element of the array corresponds to a line in the file, with the newline still attached. Upon failure, file() returns FALSE.

Note:

Each line in the resulting array will include the line ending, unless FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES is used, so you still need to use rtrim() if you do not want the line ending present.

Note: If PHP is not properly recognizing the line endings when reading files either on or created by a Macintosh computer, enabling the auto_detect_line_endings run-time configuration option may help resolve the problem.

Changelog

Version Description
4.3.0 file() became binary safe

Examples

Example #1 file() example

<?php
// Get a file into an array.  In this example we'll go through HTTP to get
// the HTML source of a URL.
$lines file('http://www.example.com/');

// Loop through our array, show HTML source as HTML source; and line numbers too.
foreach ($lines as $line_num => $line) {
    echo 
"Line #<b>{$line_num}</b> : " htmlspecialchars($line) . "<br />\n";
}

// Another example, let's get a web page into a string.  See also file_get_contents().
$html implode(''file('http://www.example.com/'));

// Using the optional flags parameter since PHP 5
$trimmed file('somefile.txt'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
?>

Notes

Warning

When using SSL, Microsoft IIS will violate the protocol by closing the connection without sending a close_notify indicator. PHP will report this as "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error" when you reach the end of the data. To work around this, the value of error_reporting should be lowered to a level that does not include warnings. PHP can detect buggy IIS server software when you open the stream using the https:// wrapper and will suppress the warning. When using fsockopen() to create an ssl:// socket, the developer is responsible for detecting and suppressing this warning.

See Also

User Contributed Notes

d basin
6 years ago
this may be obvious, but it took me a while to figure out what I was doing wrong. So I wanted to share. I have a file on my "c:\" drive. How do I file() it?

Don't forget the backslash is special and you have to "escape" the backslash i.e. "\\":

<?php

$lines
= file("C:\\Documents and Settings\\myfile.txt");

foreach(
$lines as $line)
{
    echo(
$line);
}

?>

hope this helps...
bingo at dingo dot com
2 years ago
To write all the lines of the file in other words to read the file line by line you can write the code like this:
<?php
$names
=file('name.txt');
// To check the number of lines
echo count($names).'<br>';
foreach(
$names as $name)
{
   echo
$name.'<br>';
}
?>

this example is so basic to understand how it's working. I hope it will help many beginners.

Regards,
Bingo
twichi at web dot de
4 years ago
read from CSV data (file) into an array with named keys

... with or without 1st row = header (keys)
(see 4th parameter of function call as  true / false)

<?php
// --------------------------------------------------------------

function csv_in_array($url,$delm=";",$encl="\"",$head=false) {
   
   
$csvxrow = file($url);   // ---- csv rows to array ----
   
   
$csvxrow[0] = chop($csvxrow[0]);
   
$csvxrow[0] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[0]);
   
$keydata = explode($delm,$csvxrow[0]);
   
$keynumb = count($keydata);
   
    if (
$head === true) {
   
$anzdata = count($csvxrow);
   
$z=0;
    for(
$x=1; $x<$anzdata; $x++) {
       
$csvxrow[$x] = chop($csvxrow[$x]);
       
$csvxrow[$x] = str_replace($encl,'',$csvxrow[$x]);
       
$csv_data[$x] = explode($delm,$csvxrow[$x]);
       
$i=0;
        foreach(
$keydata as $key) {
           
$out[$z][$key] = $csv_data[$x][$i];
           
$i++;
            }   
       
$z++;
        }
    }
    else {
       
$i=0;
        foreach(
$csvxrow as $item) {
           
$item = chop($item);
           
$item = str_replace($encl,'',$item);
           
$csv_data = explode($delm,$item);
            for (
$y=0; $y<$keynumb; $y++) {
              
$out[$i][$y] = $csv_data[$y];
            }
       
$i++;
        }
    }

return
$out;
}

// --------------------------------------------------------------

?>

fuction call with 4 parameters:

(1) = the file with CSV data (url / string)
(2) = colum delimiter (e.g: ; or | or , ...)
(3) = values enclosed by (e.g: ' or " or ^ or ...)
(4) = with or without 1st row = head (true/false)

<?php

// ----- call ------
$csvdata = csv_in_array( $yourcsvfile, ";", "\"", true );
// -----------------

// ----- view ------
echo "<pre>\r\n";
print_r($csvdata);
echo
"</pre>\r\n";
// -----------------

?>

PS: also see: http://php.net/manual/de/function.fgetcsv.php to read CSV data into an array
... and other file-handling methods

^
Martin K.
1 year ago
If the file you are reading is in CSV format do not use file(), use fgetcsv().  file() will split the file by each newline that it finds, even newlines that appear within a field (i.e. within quotations).
Anonymous
2 years ago
("file()'s problem with UTF-16" is wrong. This is updated.
The former may miss the last line of the string.)

file() seems to have a problem in handling
UTF-16 with or without BOM.

file() is likely to think "\n"=LF (0A) as a line-ending.
So, not only "000A" but also "010A, 020A,...,FE0A, FF0A,..."
are regarded as line-endings.

Moreover, file() causes a serious problem in UTF-16LE.
file() loses first "0A" (the first half of "0A00")!
And the next line begins with "00" (the rest of "0A00").
So lines after the first "0A" are totally different.

To avoid this phenomena,
eg. in case (php_script : UTF-8 , file : UTF-16 with line-ending "\r\n"),

<?php

mb_regex_encoding
('UTF-16');    // to help mb_ereg_..() work properly
$str = file_get_contents($file_path);
$to_encoding = 'UTF-16';        // encoding of string
$from_encoding = 'UTF-8';        // encoding of PHP_script
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\r]*\r\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg_search_init($str, $pattern1);
while (
$res = mb_ereg_search_regs()) {
   
$file[] = $res[0];
}
$pattern2 = mb_convert_encoding('\A.*\r\n(.*)\z', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
mb_ereg($pattern2, $str, $match);
   
$file[] = $match[1];

?>

instead of
$file = file($file_path);

If line-ending is "\n",
$pattern1 = mb_convert_encoding('[^\n]*\n', $to_encoding, $from_encoding);
andrea at brancatelli dot it
14 years ago
file() has a strange behaviour when reading file with both \n and \r as line delimitator (DOS files), since it will return an array with every single line but with just a \n in the end. It seems like \r just disappears.

This is happening with PHP 4.0.4 for OS/2. Don't know about the Windows version.
jon+spamcheck at phpsitesolutions dot com
8 years ago
A user suggested using rtrim always, due to the line ending conflict with files that have an EOL that differs from the server EOL.

Using rtrim with it's default character replacement is a bad solution though, as it removes all whitespace in addition to the '\r' and '\n' characters.

A good solution using rtrim follows:

<?php
$line
= rtrim($line, "\r\n") . PHP_EOL;
?>

This removes only EOL characters, and replaces with the server's EOL character, thus making preg_* work fine when matching the EOL ($)
vbchris at gmail dot com
8 years ago
If you're getting "failed to open stream: Permission denied" when trying to use either file() or fopen() to access files on another server. Check your host doesn't have any firewall restrictions in-place which prevent outbound connections. This is the case with my host Aplus.net
info at carstanje dot com
9 years ago
Using file() for reading large text files > 10 Mb gives problems, therefore you should use this instead. It is much slower but it works fine. $lines will return an array with all the lines.

<?php
$handle
= @fopen('yourfile...', "r");
if (
$handle) {
   while (!
feof($handle)) {
      
$lines[] = fgets($handle, 4096);
   }
  
fclose($handle);
}
?>
Reversed: moc dot liamg at senroc dot werdna
8 years ago
This note applies to PHP 5.1.6 under Windows (although may apply to other versions).

It appears that the 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES' flag doesn't remove newlines properly when reading Windows-style text files, i.e. files whose lines end in '\r\n'.

Solution: Always use 'rtrim()' in preference to 'FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES'.
justin at visunet dot ie
13 years ago
Note: Now that file() is binary safe it is 'much' slower than it used to be. If you are planning to read large files it may be worth your while using fgets() instead of file() For example:

<?php
$fd
= fopen ("log_file.txt", "r");
while (!
feof ($fd))
{
  
$buffer = fgets($fd, 4096);
  
$lines[] = $buffer;
}
fclose ($fd);
?>

The resulting array is $lines.

I did a test on a 200,000 line file. It took seconds with fgets()  compared to minutes with file().
marco dot remy at aol dot com
1 year ago
Here's my CSV converter
supports Header and trims all fields
Note: Headers must be not empty!

<?php

function csv2array($file, $delim = ';', $encl = '"', $header = false) {
   
   
# File does not exist
   
if(!file_exists($file))
        return
false;
   
   
# Read lines of file to array
   
$file_lines = file($file, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
   
   
# Empty file
   
if($file_lines === array())
        return
NULL;
   
   
# Read headers if you want to
   
if($header === true) {
       
$line_header = array_shift($file_lines);
       
$array_header = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line_header, $delim, $encl));
    }

   
$out = NULL;

   
# Now line per line (strings)
   
foreach ($file_lines as $line) {
       
# Skip empty lines
       
if(trim($line) === '')
            continue;
       
       
# Convert line to array
       
$array_fields = array_map('trim', str_getcsv($line, $delim, $encl));
       
       
# If header present, combine header and fields as key => value
       
if($header === true)
           
$out[] = array_combine ($array_header, $array_fields);
        else
           
$out[] = $array_fields;
    }
   
    return
$out;
}
?>
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