If you are unsure about what $encoding can be set to, here's a full list of all the encodings supported by this extension:
http://www.php.net/manual/en/mbstring.supported-encodings.php
(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5, PHP 7)
mb_strlen — Get string length
Gets the length of a string.
strThe string being checked for length.
encodingThe encoding
parameter is the character encoding. If it is omitted, the internal character
encoding value will be used.
Returns the number of characters in
string str having character encoding
encoding. A multi-byte character is
counted as 1.
Returns FALSE if the given encoding is invalid.
This function may
return Boolean FALSE, but may also return a non-Boolean value which
evaluates to FALSE. Please read the section on Booleans for more
information. Use the ===
operator for testing the return value of this
function.
If you are unsure about what $encoding can be set to, here's a full list of all the encodings supported by this extension:
http://www.php.net/manual/en/mbstring.supported-encodings.php
Speed of mb_strlen varies a lot according to specified character set.
If you need length of string in bytes (strlen cannot be trusted anymore because of mbstring.func_overload) you should use <?php mb_strlen($string, '8bit'); ?>.
It's the fastest way (still a way slower than strlen, though) to determine byte length of string. Other single byte character sets (ASCII, ISO-8859-1, ...) are several times slower than 8bit.
Just did a little benchmarking (1.000.000 times with lorem ipsum text) on the mbs functions
especially mb_strtolower and mb_strtoupper are really slow (up to 100 times slower compared to normal functions). Other functions are alike-ish, but sometimes up to 5 times slower.
just be cautious when using mb_ functions in high frequented scripts.
# test runs: 1000000
# benchmarking strlen vs. mb_strlen
# normal strlen: 3.6795361042023 ms, average: 3.6795361042023E-6 ms
# mb_strlen: 5.5934538841248 ms, average: 5.5934538841248E-6 ms
ok 1 - mb_strlen is slower than strlen
# mb_strlen is 1.52 slower than strlen
#
#
# benchmarking strpos vs. mb_strpos
# normal strpos: 5.5523281097412 ms, average: 5.5523281097412E-6 ms
# mb_strlen: 31.180974960327 ms, average: 3.1180974960327E-5 ms
ok 2 - mb_strlen is slower than strlen
# mb_strpos is 5.62 slower than strpos
#
#
# benchmarking substr vs. mb_substr
# normal substr: 3.4437320232391 ms, average: 3.4437320232391E-6 ms
# mb_strlen: 3.5374181270599 ms, average: 3.5374181270599E-6 ms
ok 3 - mb_strlen is slower than strlen
# mb_substr is 1.03 slower than substr
#
#
# benchmarking strtolower vs. mb_strtolower
# normal strtolower: 4.446839094162 ms, average: 4.446839094162E-6 ms
# mb_strlen: 193.44901108742 ms, average: 0.00019344901108742 ms
ok 4 - mb_strlen is slower than strlen
# mb_strtolower is 43.5 slower than strtolower
#
#
# benchmarking strtoupper vs. mb_strtoupper
# normal strtoupper: 3.0210740566254 ms, average: 3.0210740566254E-6 ms
# mb_strlen: 340.71775603294 ms, average: 0.00034071775603294 ms
ok 5 - mb_strlen is slower than strlen
# mb_strtoupper is 112.78 slower than strtoupper
If you find yourself without the mb string functions and can't easily change it, a quick hack replacement for mb_strlen for utf8 characters is to use a a PCRE regex with utf8 turned on.
$strlen = preg_match_all("/.{1}/us",$utf8string,$dummy);
This is basically an ugly hack which counts all single character matches, and I'd expect it to be painfully slow on large strings.
If you wish to find the byte length of a multi-byte string when you are using mbstring.func_overload 2 and UTF-8 strings, then you can use the following:
mb_strlen($utf8_string, 'latin1');
Thank you Peter Albertsson for presenting that!
After spending more than eight hours tracking down two specific bugs in my mbstring-func_overloaded environment I have learned a very important lesson:
Many developers rely on strlen to give the amount of bytes in a string. While mb-overloading has very many advantages, the most hard-spotted pitfall must be this issue.
Two examples (from the two bugs found earlier):
1. Writing a string to a file:
<?php
$str = "string with utf-8 chars åèä - doo-bee doo-bee dooh";
$fp = fopen($this->_file, "wb");
if ($fp) {
$len = strlen($str);
fwrite($fp, $str, $len);
}
?>
PS This is found i the PEAR::Cache_Lite package (Lite.php) - Reported
2. Iterating through a string's characters:
<?php
$str = "string with utf-8 chars åèö - doo-bee doo-bee dooh";
$newStr = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++) {
$newStr .= $str[$i];
}
?>
Both of these situations will fail to save / store the last characters in $str. This can be very hard to spot and can be especially fatal for say serialized strings, xml etc.
So, try to avoid these situations to support overloaded environments, and remeber Peter Albertssons remark if you find problems under such an environment.
I have been working with some funny html characters lately and due to the nightmare in manipulating them between mysql and php, I got the database column set to utf8, then store characters with html enity "ọ" as ọ in the database and set the encoding on php as "utf8".
This is where mb_strlen became more useful than strlen. While strlen('ọ') gives result as 3, mb_strlen('ọ','UTF-8') gives 1 as expected.
But left(column1,1) in mysql still gives wrong char for a multibyte string. In the example above, I had to do left(column1,3) to get the correct string from mysql. I am now about to investigate multibyte manipulation in mysql.