PHP 7.0.6 Released

    parse_url

    (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

    parse_url — Parse a URL and return its components

    Description

    mixed parse_url ( string $url [, int $component = -1 ] )

    This function parses a URL and returns an associative array containing any of the various components of the URL that are present.

    This function is not meant to validate the given URL, it only breaks it up into the above listed parts. Partial URLs are also accepted, parse_url() tries its best to parse them correctly.

    Parameters

    url

    The URL to parse. Invalid characters are replaced by _.

    component

    Specify one of PHP_URL_SCHEME, PHP_URL_HOST, PHP_URL_PORT, PHP_URL_USER, PHP_URL_PASS, PHP_URL_PATH, PHP_URL_QUERY or PHP_URL_FRAGMENT to retrieve just a specific URL component as a string (except when PHP_URL_PORT is given, in which case the return value will be an integer).

    Return Values

    On seriously malformed URLs, parse_url() may return FALSE.

    If the component parameter is omitted, an associative array is returned. At least one element will be present within the array. Potential keys within this array are:

    • scheme - e.g. http
    • host
    • port
    • user
    • pass
    • path
    • query - after the question mark ?
    • fragment - after the hashmark #

    If the component parameter is specified, parse_url() returns a string (or an integer, in the case of PHP_URL_PORT) instead of an array. If the requested component doesn't exist within the given URL, NULL will be returned.

    Changelog

    Version Description
    5.4.7 Fixed host recognition when scheme is omitted and a leading component separator is present.
    5.3.3 Removed the E_WARNING that was emitted when URL parsing failed.
    5.1.2 Added the component parameter.

    Examples

    Example #1 A parse_url() example

    <?php
    $url     = 'http://username:password@hostname:9090/path?arg=value#anchor';

    var_dump(parse_url($url));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_SCHEME));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_USER));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PASS));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_HOST));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PORT));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_QUERY));
    var_dump(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_FRAGMENT));
    ?>

    The above example will output:

    array(8) {
  ["scheme"]=>
  string(4) "http"
  ["host"]=>
  string(8) "hostname"
  ["port"]=>
  int(9090)
  ["user"]=>
  string(8) "username"
  ["pass"]=>
  string(8) "password"
  ["path"]=>
  string(5) "/path"
  ["query"]=>
  string(9) "arg=value"
  ["fragment"]=>
  string(6) "anchor"
}
string(4) "http"
string(8) "username"
string(8) "password"
string(8) "hostname"
int(9090)
string(5) "/path"
string(9) "arg=value"
string(6) "anchor"

    Example #2 A parse_url() example with missing scheme

    <?php
    $url     = '//www.example.com/path?googleguy=googley';

    // Prior to 5.4.7 this would show the path as "//www.example.com/path"
    var_dump(parse_url($url));
    ?>

    The above example will output:

    array(3) {
  ["host"]=>
  string(15) "www.example.com"
  ["path"]=>
  string(5) "/path"
  ["query"]=>
  string(17) "googleguy=googley"
}

    Notes

    Note:

    This function doesn't work with relative URLs.

    Note:

    This function is intended specifically for the purpose of parsing URLs and not URIs. However, to comply with PHP's backwards compatibility requirements it makes an exception for the file:// scheme where triple slashes (file:///...) are allowed. For any other scheme this is invalid.

    See Also

    User Contributed Notes

    thomas at gielfeldt dot com
    4 years ago
    [If you haven't yet] been able to find a simple conversion back to string from a parsed url, here's an example:

    <?php

    $url     = 'http://usr:pss@example.com:81/mypath/myfile.html?a=b&b[]=2&b[]=3#myfragment';
    if (    $url === unparse_url(parse_url($url))) {
      print     "YES, they match!\n";
    }

    function     unparse_url($parsed_url) {
          $scheme   = isset($parsed_url['scheme']) ? $parsed_url['scheme'] . '://' : '';
          $host     = isset($parsed_url['host']) ? $parsed_url['host'] : '';
          $port     = isset($parsed_url['port']) ? ':' . $parsed_url['port'] : '';
          $user     = isset($parsed_url['user']) ? $parsed_url['user'] : '';
          $pass     = isset($parsed_url['pass']) ? ':' . $parsed_url['pass']  : '';
          $pass     = ($user || $pass) ? "$pass@" : '';
          $path     = isset($parsed_url['path']) ? $parsed_url['path'] : '';
          $query    = isset($parsed_url['query']) ? '?' . $parsed_url['query'] : '';
          $fragment = isset($parsed_url['fragment']) ? '#' . $parsed_url['fragment'] : '';
      return     "$scheme$user$pass$host$port$path$query$fragment";
    }

    ?>
    lauris () lauris ! lv
    2 years ago
    Here is utf-8 compatible parse_url() replacement function based on "laszlo dot janszky at gmail dot com" work. Original incorrectly handled URLs with user:pass. Also made PHP 5.5 compatible (got rid of now deprecated regex /e modifier).

    <?php

            /**
         * UTF-8 aware parse_url() replacement.
         *
         * @return array
         */
            function mb_parse_url($url)
        {
                $enc_url = preg_replace_callback(
                    '%[^:/@?&=#]+%usD',
                function (    $matches)
                {
                    return     urlencode($matches[0]);
                },
                    $url
                );
           
                $parts = parse_url($enc_url);
           
            if(    $parts === false)
            {
                throw new \    InvalidArgumentException('Malformed URL: ' . $url);
            }
           
            foreach(    $parts as $name => $value)
            {
                    $parts[$name] = urldecode($value);
            }
           
            return     $parts;
        }

    ?>
    admin at griefer1999 dot uhostfull dot com
    1 year ago
    <?php
    function url_parse($url){
    $sflfdfldf=$url;
    if(    strpos($url,"?")>-1){
    $a=explode("?",$url,2);
    $url=$a[0];
    $query=$a[1];
    }
    if(    strpos($url,"://")>-1){
    $scheme=substr($url,0,strpos($url,"//")-1);
    $url=substr($url,strpos($url,"//")+2,strlen($url));
    }
    if(    strpos($url,"/")>-1){
    $a=explode("/",$url,2);
    $url=$a[0];
    $path="/".$a[1];
    }
    if(    strpos($url,":")>-1){
    $a=explode(":",$url,2);
    $url=$a[0];
    $port=$a[1];
    }
    $host=$url;
    $url=null;
    foreach(array(    "url","scheme","host","port","path","query") as $var){
    if(!empty($    $var)){
    $return[$var]=$$var;
    }
    }
    //return array("url"=>$sflfdfldf,"scheme"=>$scheme,"host"=>$host,"port"=>$port,"path"=>$path,"query"=>$query,"a"=>$url);
    return $return;
    }
    ?>

    <?php
    /* Compare two outputs */
    //mine
    print_r(url_parse("http://login.yahoo.com?.src=ym&.intl=gb&.lang=zh-Hans-HK&.done=https://mail.yahoo.com"));
    //internal
    print_r(parse_url("http://login.yahoo.com?.src=ym&.intl=gb&.lang=zh-Hans-HK&.done=https://mail.yahoo.com"));
    ?>
    james at roundeights dot com
    6 years ago
    I was writing unit tests and needed to cause this function to kick out an error and return FALSE in order to test a specific execution path. If anyone else needs to force a failure, the following inputs will work:

    <?php
    parse_url    ("http:///example.com");
    parse_url("http://:80");
    parse_url("http://user@:80");
    ?>
    jerome at chaman dot ca
    1 year ago
    It may be worth reminding that the value of the #fragment never gets sent to the server.  Anchors processing is exclusively client-side.
    jesse at example dot com
    5 years ago
    @ solenoid: Your code was very helpful, but it fails when the current URL has no query string (it appends '&' instead of '?' before the query).  Below is a fixed version that catches this edge case and corrects it.

    <?php
    function modify_url($mod)
    {
            $url = "http://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
            $query = explode("&", $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);
        if (!    $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']) {$queryStart = "?";} else {$queryStart = "&";}
            // modify/delete data
            foreach($query as $q)
        {
            list(    $key, $value) = explode("=", $q);
            if(    array_key_exists($key, $mod))
            {
                if(    $mod[$key])
                {
                        $url = preg_replace('/'.$key.'='.$value.'/', $key.'='.$mod[$key], $url);
                }
                else
                {
                        $url = preg_replace('/&?'.$key.'='.$value.'/', '', $url);
                }
            }
        }
            // add new data
            foreach($mod as $key => $value)
        {
            if(    $value && !preg_match('/'.$key.'=/', $url))
            {
                    $url .= $queryStart.$key.'='.$value;
            }
        }
        return     $url;
    }
    ?>
    theoriginalmarksimpson at gmail dot com
    7 years ago
    An update to the function by FredLudd at gmail dot com.  I added IPv6 functionality as well.

    <?php
    function j_parseUrl($url) {
          $r  = "(?:([a-z0-9+-._]+)://)?";
          $r .= "(?:";
          $r .=   "(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)@)?";
          $r .=   "(?:\[((?:[a-z0-9:])*)\])?";
          $r .=   "((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)";
          $r .=   "(?::(\d*))?";
          $r .=   "(/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?";
          $r .=   "|";
          $r .=   "(/?";
          $r .=     "(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+";
          $r .=     "(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*";
          $r .=    ")?";
          $r .= ")";
          $r .= "(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*))?";
          $r .= "(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*))?";
          preg_match("`$r`i", $url, $match);
          $parts = array(
                    "scheme"=>'',
                    "userinfo"=>'',
                    "authority"=>'',
                    "host"=> '',
                    "port"=>'',
                    "path"=>'',
                    "query"=>'',
                    "fragment"=>'');
      switch (    count ($match)) {
        case     10: $parts['fragment'] = $match[9];
        case     9: $parts['query'] = $match[8];
        case     8: $parts['path'] =  $match[7];
        case     7: $parts['path'] =  $match[6] . $parts['path'];
        case     6: $parts['port'] =  $match[5];
        case     5: $parts['host'] =  $match[3]?"[".$match[3]."]":$match[4];
        case     4: $parts['userinfo'] =  $match[2];
        case     3: $parts['scheme'] =  $match[1];
      }
          $parts['authority'] = ($parts['userinfo']?$parts['userinfo']."@":"").
                                 $parts['host'].
                            (    $parts['port']?":".$parts['port']:"");
      return     $parts;
    }
    ?>

    When using the url

      /* line too long for this site's comment handler */
      "foo://username:password@[2001:4860:0:2001::68]:8042".
          "/over/there/index.dtb;type=animal?name=ferret#nose"

    The original would return

    Array
    (
        [scheme] => foo
        [userinfo] => username:password
        [authority] => username:password@
        [host] =>
        [port] =>
        [path] =>
        [query] =>
        [fragment] =>
    )

    The new one returns

    Array
    (
        [scheme] => foo
        [userinfo] => username:password
        [authority] => username:password@[2001:4860:0:2001::68]:8042
        [host] => [2001:4860:0:2001::68]
        [port] => 8042
        [path] => /over/there/index.dtb;type=animal
        [query] => name=ferret
        [fragment] => nose
    )

    All of the other examples FredLudd used below still work exactly the same.
    php at domblogger dot net
    1 year ago
    At least in php 5.6.x this function does appear to work with relative URLs despite what it says above.

    Obviously it does not return the scheme or host, but it does return the path and query string and fragment from a relative URL.
    ivijan dot stefan at gmail dot com
    2 years ago
    Here's a good way to using parse_url () gets the youtube link.
    This function I used in many works:

    <?php
    function youtube($url, $width=560, $height=315, $fullscreen=true)
    {
            parse_str( parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_QUERY ), $my_array_of_vars );
            $youtube= '<iframe allowtransparency="true" scrolling="no" width="'.$width.'" height="'.$height.'" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/'.$my_array_of_vars['v'].'" frameborder="0"'.($fullscreen?' allowfullscreen':NULL).'></iframe>';
        return     $youtube;
    }

    // show youtube on my page
    $url='http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvTd6XxgCBE';
    youtube($url, 560, 315, true);
    ?>

    parse_url () allocates a unique youtube code and  put into iframe link and displayed on your page. The size of the videos choose yourself.

    Enjoy.
    laszlo dot janszky at gmail dot com
    3 years ago
    Created another parse_url utf-8 compatible function.
    <?php
    function mb_parse_url($url) {
            $encodedUrl = preg_replace('%[^:/?#&=\.]+%usDe', 'urlencode(\'$0\')', $url);
            $components = parse_url($encodedUrl);
        foreach (    $components as &$component)
                $component = urldecode($component);
        return     $components;
    }
    ?>
    nirazuelos at gmail dot com
    6 years ago
    Hello, for some odd reason, parse_url returns the host (ex. example.com) as the path when no scheme is provided in the input url. So I've written a quick function to get the real host:

    <?php
    function getHost($Address) {
           $parseUrl = parse_url(trim($Address));
       return     trim($parseUrl[host] ? $parseUrl[host] : array_shift(explode('/', $parseUrl[path], 2)));
    }

    getHost("example.com"); // Gives example.com
    getHost("http://example.com"); // Gives example.com
    getHost("www.example.com"); // Gives www.example.com
    getHost("http://example.com/xyz"); // Gives example.com
    ?>

    You could try anything! It gives the host (including the subdomain if exists).

    Hope it helped you.
    solenoid at example dot com
    6 years ago
    Here's a piece of code that modifies, replaces or removes the url query. This can typically used in paging situations where there are more parameters than the page.

    <?php
    function modify_url($mod)
    {
            $url = "http://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
            $query = explode("&", $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']);
            // modify/delete data
            foreach($query as $q)
        {
            list(    $key, $value) = explode("=", $q);
            if(    array_key_exists($key, $mod))
            {
                if(    $mod[$key])
                {
                        $url = preg_replace('/'.$key.'='.$value.'/', $key.'='.$mod[$key], $url);
                }
                else
                {
                        $url = preg_replace('/&?'.$key.'='.$value.'/', '', $url);
                }
            }
        }
            // add new data
            foreach($mod as $key => $value)
        {
            if(    $value && !preg_match('/'.$key.'=/', $url))
            {
                    $url .= '&'.$key.'='.$value;
            }
        }
        return     $url;
    }

    // page url: "http://www.example.com/page.php?p=5&show=list&style=23"

    $url = modify_url(array('p' => 4, 'show' => 'column'));

    // $url = "http://www.example.com/page.php?p=4&show=column&style=23"
    ?>
    gustavo dot andriuolo at vulcabras dot com dot ar
    4 years ago
    Here's a method to get the REAL name of a domain. This return just the domain name, not the rest. First check if is not an IP, then return the name:

    <?php
           function esip($ip_addr)
    {
          //first of all the format of the ip address is matched
          if(preg_match("/^(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})\.(\d{1,3})$/",$ip_addr))
      {
            //now all the intger values are separated
            $parts=explode(".",$ip_addr);
            //now we need to check each part can range from 0-255
            foreach($parts as $ip_parts)
        {
          if(    intval($ip_parts)>255 || intval($ip_parts)<0)
          return     FALSE; //if number is not within range of 0-255
            }
        return     TRUE;
      }
      else
        return     FALSE; //if format of ip address doesn't matches
    }

       
       
        function     domain($domainb)
        {
            $bits = explode('/', $domainb);
        if (    $bits[0]=='http:' || $bits[0]=='https:')
        {
            $domainb= $bits[2];
        } else {
            $domainb= $bits[0];
        }
        unset(    $bits);
            $bits = explode('.', $domainb);
            $idz=count($bits);
            $idz-=3;
        if (    strlen($bits[($idz+2)])==2) {
            $url=$bits[$idz].'.'.$bits[($idz+1)].'.'.$bits[($idz+2)];
        } else if (    strlen($bits[($idz+2)])==0) {
            $url=$bits[($idz)].'.'.$bits[($idz+1)];
        } else {
            $url=$bits[($idz+1)].'.'.$bits[($idz+2)];
        }
        return     $url;
        }
       
            $address='clients1.sub3.google.co.uk';
               $parsed_url = parse_url($address);
              $check = esip($parsed_url['host']);
            $host = $parsed_url['host'];
        if (    $check == FALSE){
            if (    $host != ""){
                $host = domain($host);
            }else{
                $host = domain($address);   
                }
        }
        echo     $host;
            ?>
    This return: google.co.uk
    'http://sub1.sub2.sub3.example.com:443';
    return: example.com
    'example.com';
    return: example.com

    Many times  parse_url return nothing when domain is google.com only for example.

    Now, google.com, or google.co.uk will return the same.

    Maybe is a little dirty, but works well for me, i use it to group internet access log from squid.

    Regards.
    utilmind
    2 years ago
    parse_url doesn't works if the protocol doesn't specified. This seems like sandard, even the youtube doesn't gives the protocol name when generates code for embedding which have a look like "//youtube.com/etc".

    So, to avoid bug, you must always check, whether the provided url has the protocol, and if not (starts with 2 slashes) -- add the "http:" prefix.
    need_sunny at yahoo dot com
    6 years ago
    Thanks to xellisx for his parse_query function. I used it in one of my projects and it works well. But it has an error. I fixed the error and improved it a little bit. Here is my version of it:

    <?php
    // Originally written by xellisx
    function parse_query($var)
    {
          /**
       *  Use this function to parse out the query array element from
       *  the output of parse_url().
       */
          $var  = parse_url($var, PHP_URL_QUERY);
          $var  = html_entity_decode($var);
          $var  = explode('&', $var);
          $arr  = array();

      foreach(    $var as $val)
       {
            $x          = explode('=', $val);
            $arr[$x[0]] = $x[1];
       }
      unset(    $val, $x, $var);
      return     $arr;
    }
    ?>

    At the first line there was parse_query($val), I made it $var. It used to return a null array before this fix.

    I have added the parse_url line. So now the function will only focus in the query part, not the whole URL. This is useful if something like below is done:
    <?php
    $my_GET     = parse_query($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
    ?>
    xellisx
    7 years ago
    I need to parse out the query string from the referrer, so I created this function.

    <?php
    function parse_query($val)
    {
          /**
       *  Use this function to parse out the query array element from
       *  the output of parse_url().
       */
          $var  = html_entity_decode($var);
          $var  = explode('&', $var);
          $arr  = array();

      foreach(    $var as $val)
       {
            $x          = explode('=', $val);
            $arr[$x[0]] = $x[1];
       }
      unset(    $val, $x, $var);
      return     $arr;
    }
    ?>
    Simon D
    4 years ago
    To get the params (url query) as Associative array, use this function:

    <?php
    /**
    * Returns the url query as associative array
    *
    * @param    string    query
    * @return    array    params
    */
    function convertUrlQuery($query) {
            $queryParts = explode('&', $query);
       
            $params = array();
        foreach (    $queryParts as $param) {
                $item = explode('=', $param);
                $params[$item[0]] = $item[1];
        }
       
        return     $params;
    }
    ?>
    ivijan dot stefan at gmail dot com
    1 month ago
    If you need check if URL exists or not, here is one my good function for that.

    <?php

    // Return false or URL
    function url_exists($url='')
    {
        if(empty(    $url)) return false;
            $curl = curl_init($url);
            //don't fetch the actual page, you only want to check the connection is ok
            curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, true);
            curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT ,5);
            curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT , 2);
            //do request
            $result = curl_exec($curl);
            //if request did not fail
            if ($result !== false) {
                //if request was ok, check response code
                $statusCode = curl_getinfo($curl, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE); 
            if ((int)    $statusCode === 200) return $url; 
            return     false;
        }
            curl_close($curl);
        return     false;
    }

    if(    url_exists("http://www.google.com")!==false)
    {
           // URL Exists
    }
    ?>
    This can help if you decide to do some dynamic URL parser or something where need validations.
    mys5droid at gmail dot com
    1 month ago
    I have coded a function which converts relative URL to absolute URL for a project of mine. Considering I could not find it elsewhere, I figured I would post it here.

    The following function takes in 2 parameters, the first parameter is the URL you want to convert from relative to absolute, and the second parameter is a sample of the absolute URL.

    Currently it does not resolve '../' in the URL, only because I do not need it. Most webservers will resolve this for you. If you want it to resolve the '../' in the path, it just takes minor modifications.

    <?php

    function relativeToAbsolute($inurl, $absolute) {
            // Get all parts so not getting them multiple times :)
            $absolute_parts = parse_url($absolute);   
            // Test if URL is already absolute (contains host, or begins with '/')
            if ( (strpos($inurl, $absolute_parts['host']) == false) ) {
                // Define $tmpurlprefix to prevent errors below
                $tmpurlprefix = "";
                // Formulate URL prefix    (SCHEME)                   
                if (!(empty($absolute_parts['scheme']))) {
                    // Add scheme to tmpurlprefix
                    $tmpurlprefix .= $absolute_parts['scheme'] . "://";
            }
                // Formulate URL prefix (USER, PASS)   
                if ((!(empty($absolute_parts['user']))) and (!(empty($absolute_parts['pass'])))) {
                    // Add user:port to tmpurlprefix
                    $tmpurlprefix .= $absolute_parts['user'] . ":" . $absolute_parts['pass'] . "@";   
            }
                // Formulate URL prefix    (HOST, PORT)   
                if (!(empty($absolute_parts['host']))) {
                    // Add host to tmpurlprefix
                    $tmpurlprefix .= $absolute_parts['host'];
                    // Check for a port, add if exists
                    if (!(empty($absolute_parts['port']))) {
                        // Add port to tmpurlprefix
                        $tmpurlprefix .= ":" . $absolute_parts['port'];
                }
            }
                // Formulate URL prefix    (PATH) and only add it if the path to image does not include ./   
                if ( (!(empty($absolute_parts['path']))) and (substr($inurl, 0, 1) != '/') ) {
                    // Get path parts
                    $path_parts = pathinfo($absolute_parts['path']);
                    // Add path to tmpurlprefix
                    $tmpurlprefix .= $path_parts['dirname'];
                    $tmpurlprefix .= "/";
            }
            else {   
                    $tmpurlprefix .= "/";   
            }   
                // Lets remove the '/'
                if (substr($inurl, 0, 1) == '/') { $inurl = substr($inurl, 1); }   
                // Lets remove the './'
                if (substr($inurl, 0, 2) == './') { $inurl = substr($inurl, 2); }   
            return     $tmpurlprefix . $inurl;
        }   
        else {
                // Path is already absolute. Return it :)
                return $inurl;
        }
    }

    // Define a sample absolute  URL
    $absolute = "http://" . "user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/index.html"; // Just evading php.net spam filter, not sure how example.com is spam...

    /* EXAMPLE 1 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute($absolute, $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 2 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 3 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("/img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 4 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("./img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 5 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("../img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 6 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("images/img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 7 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("/images/img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 8 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("./images/img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";
    /* EXAMPLE 9 */
    echo relativeToAbsolute("../images/img.gif", $absolute) . "\n";

    ?>

    OUTPUTS:
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/index.html
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/../img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/images/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/images/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/images/img.gif
    http :// user:pass@example.com:8080/path/to/../images/img.gif

    Sorry if the above code is not your style, or if you see it as "messy" or you think there is a better way to do it. I removed as much of the white space as possible.

    Improvements are welcome :)
    mprz1024 at gmail dot com
    1 month ago
    So why on Earth does parse_url('file:1') work while parse_url('file:0') returns false?
    therselman at gmail
    4 years ago
    UTF-8 aware parse_url() replacement.

    I've realized that even though UTF-8 characters are not allowed in URL's, I have to work with a lot of them and parse_url() will break.

    Based largely on the work of "mallluhuct at gmail dot com", I added parse_url() compatible "named values" which makes the array values a lot easier to work with (instead of just numbers). I also implemented detection of port, username/password and a back-reference to better detect URL's like this: //en.wikipedia.com
    ... which, although is technically an invalid URL, it's used extensively on sites like wikipedia in the href of anchor tags where it's valid in browsers (one of the types of URL's you have to support when crawling pages). This will be accurately detected as the host name instead of "path" as in all other examples.

    I will submit my complete function (instead of just the RegExp) which is an almost "drop-in" replacement for parse_url(). It returns a cleaned up array (or false) with values compatible with parse_url(). I could have told the preg_match() not to store the unused extra values, but it would complicate the RegExp and make it more difficult to read, understand and extend. The key to detecting UTF-8 characters is the use of the "u" parameter in preg_match().

    <?php
    function parse_utf8_url($url)
    {
        static     $keys = array('scheme'=>0,'user'=>0,'pass'=>0,'host'=>0,'port'=>0,'path'=>0,'query'=>0,'fragment'=>0);
        if (    is_string($url) && preg_match(
                    '~^((?P<scheme>[^:/?#]+):(//))?((\\3|//)?(?:(?P<user>[^:]+):(?P<pass>[^@]+)@)?(?P<host>[^/?:#]*))(:(?P<port>\\d+))?' .
                    '(?P<path>[^?#]*)(\\?(?P<query>[^#]*))?(#(?P<fragment>.*))?~u', $url, $matches))
        {
            foreach (    $matches as $key => $value)
                if (!isset(    $keys[$key]) || empty($value))
                    unset(    $matches[$key]);
            return     $matches;
        }
        return     false;
    }
    ?>

    UTF-8 URL's can/should be "normalized" after extraction with this function.
    ap dot public1 at gmail dot com
    6 years ago
    Simple static library that allows easy manipulation of url parameters:

    <?php
            /**
         * File provides easy way to manipulate url parameters
         * @author Alexander Podgorny
         */

            class Url {
                /**
             * Splits url into array of it's pieces as follows:
             * [scheme]://[user]:[pass]@[host]/[path]?[query]#[fragment]
             * In addition it adds 'query_params' key which contains array of
             * url-decoded key-value pairs
             *
             * @param String $sUrl Url
             * @return Array Parsed url pieces
             */
                public static function explode($sUrl) {
                    $aUrl = parse_url($sUrl);
                    $aUrl['query_params'] = array();
                    $aPairs = explode('&', $aUrl['query']);
                    DU::show($aPairs);
                foreach(    $aPairs as $sPair) {
                    if (    trim($sPair) == '') { continue; }
                    list(    $sKey, $sValue) = explode('=', $sPair);
                        $aUrl['query_params'][$sKey] = urldecode($sValue);
                }
                return     $aUrl;
            }
                /**
             * Compiles url out of array of it's pieces (returned by explodeUrl)
             * 'query' is ignored if 'query_params' is present
             *
             * @param Array $aUrl Array of url pieces
             */
                public static function implode($aUrl) {
                    //[scheme]://[user]:[pass]@[host]/[path]?[query]#[fragment]
               
                    $sQuery = '';
               
                    // Compile query
                    if (isset($aUrl['query_params']) && is_array($aUrl['query_params'])) {
                        $aPairs = array();
                    foreach (    $aUrl['query_params'] as $sKey=>$sValue) {
                            $aPairs[] = $sKey.'='.urlencode($sValue);              
                    }
                        $sQuery = implode('&', $aPairs);   
                } else {
                        $sQuery = $aUrl['query'];
                }
               
                    // Compile url
                    $sUrl =
                        $aUrl['scheme'] . '://' . (
                        isset(    $aUrl['user']) && $aUrl['user'] != '' && isset($aUrl['pass'])
                           ?     $aUrl['user'] . ':' . $aUrl['pass'] . '@'
                               : ''
                        ) .
                        $aUrl['host'] . (
                        isset(    $aUrl['path']) && $aUrl['path'] != ''
                               ? $aUrl['path']
                           :     ''
                        ) . (
                           $sQuery != ''
                               ? '?' . $sQuery
                               : ''
                        ) . (
                       isset(    $aUrl['fragment']) && $aUrl['fragment'] != ''
                               ? '#' . $aUrl['fragment']
                           :     ''
                        );
                return     $sUrl;
            }
                /**
             * Parses url and returns array of key-value pairs of url params
             *
             * @param String $sUrl
             * @return Array
             */
                public static function getParams($sUrl) {
                    $aUrl = self::explode($sUrl);
                return     $aUrl['query_params'];
            }
                /**
             * Removes existing url params and sets them to those specified in $aParams
             *
             * @param String $sUrl Url
             * @param Array $aParams Array of Key-Value pairs to set url params to
             * @return  String Newly compiled url
             */
                public static function setParams($sUrl, $aParams) {
                    $aUrl = self::explode($sUrl);
                    $aUrl['query'] = '';
                    $aUrl['query_params'] = $aParams;
                return     self::implode($aUrl);
            }
                /**
             * Updates values of existing url params and/or adds (if not set) those specified in $aParams
             *
             * @param String $sUrl Url
             * @param Array $aParams Array of Key-Value pairs to set url params to
             * @return  String Newly compiled url
             */
                public static function updateParams($sUrl, $aParams) {
                    $aUrl = self::explode($sUrl);
                    $aUrl['query'] = '';
                    $aUrl['query_params'] = array_merge($aUrl['query_params'], $aParams);
                return     self::implode($aUrl);
            }
        }

    ?>
    pbcomm at gmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Modification to the code from:
    theoriginalmarksimpson at gmail dot com

    Change:
    $r .= "(?:(?P<login>\w+):(?P<pass>\w+)@)?";

    Replace with:
    $r .= "(?:(?P<login>\w+):?(?P<pass>\w+)?@)?";

    This will cover the case the only username is present in the url:

    http://username@subdomain.domain.com/index.php?arg1=test#anchor
    vdklah at hotmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Some example that determines the URL port.
    When port not specified, it derives it from the scheme.

    <?php
    function getUrlPort( $urlInfo )
    {
        if( isset(    $urlInfo['port']) ) {
                $port = $urlInfo['port'];
        } else {     // no port specified; get default port
                if (isset($urlInfo['scheme']) ) {
                switch(     $urlInfo['scheme'] ) {
                    case     'http':
                            $port = 80; // default for http
                            break;
                    case     'https':
                            $port = 443; // default for https
                            break;
                    case     'ftp':
                            $port = 21; // default for ftp
                            break;
                    case     'ftps':
                            $port = 990; // default for ftps
                            break;
                    default:
                            $port = 0; // error; unsupported scheme
                            break;
                }
            } else {
                    $port = 0; // error; unknown scheme
                }
        }
        return     $port;
    }

    $url = "http://nl3.php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php";
    $urlInfo = parse_url( $url );
    $urlPort = getUrlPort( $urlInfo );
    if(     $urlPort !== 0 ) {
        print     'Found URL port: '.$urlPort;
    } else {
        print     'ERROR: Could not find port at URL: '.$url;
    }
    ?>
    nospam at spellingcow dot com
    7 years ago
    URL's in the query string of a relative URL will cause a problem

    fails:
    /page.php?foo=bar&url=http://www.example.com

    parses:
    http://www.foo.com/page.php?foo=bar&url=http://www.example.com
    marco panichi
    7 years ago
    my function catch the url written on the browser by the user and does the same thing of parse_url. but better, I think. I don't like parse_url because it says nothing about elements that it doesn't find in the url. my function instead return an empty string.

    <?php
    function get_url()
    {
            $arr = array();
            $uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];

            // query
            $x = array_pad( explode( '?', $uri ), 2, false );
            $arr['query'] = ( $x[1] )? $x[1] : '' ;

            // resource
            $x         = array_pad( explode( '/', $x[0] ), 2, false );
            $x_last = array_pop( $x );
        if(     strpos( $x_last, '.' ) === false )
        {
                $arr['resource'] = '';
                $x[] = $x_last;
        }
        else
        {
                $arr['resource'] = $x_last;
        }

            // path   
            $arr['path'] = implode( '/', $x );
        if(     substr( $arr['path'], -1 ) !== '/' ) $arr['path'] .= '/';

            // domain
            $arr['domain']    = $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];

            // scheme
            $server_prt        = explode( '/', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] );
            $arr['scheme']    = strtolower( $server_prt[0] );

            // url
            $arr['url'] = $arr['scheme'].'://'.$arr['domain'].$uri;

        return     $arr;
    }
    ?>

    PS: I found working with explode is faster than using preg_match (I tryed with getmicrotime function and 'for' cycles).

    PPS: I used array_pad to prevent any notice.
    andrewtheartist at hotmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Here's the easiest way to get the URL to the path that your script is in (so not the actual script name itself, just the complete URL to the folder it's in)

    echo "http://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].dirname($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
    to1ne at hotmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Based on the idea of "jbr at ya-right dot com" have I been working on a new function to parse the url:

    <?php
    function parseUrl($url) {
            $r  = "^(?:(?P<scheme>\w+)://)?";
            $r .= "(?:(?P<login>\w+):(?P<pass>\w+)@)?";
            $r .= "(?P<host>(?:(?P<subdomain>[\w\.]+)\.)?" . "(?P<domain>\w+\.(?P<extension>\w+)))";
            $r .= "(?::(?P<port>\d+))?";
            $r .= "(?P<path>[\w/]*/(?P<file>\w+(?:\.\w+)?)?)?";
            $r .= "(?:\?(?P<arg>[\w=&]+))?";
            $r .= "(?:#(?P<anchor>\w+))?";
            $r = "!$r!";                                                // Delimiters
       
            preg_match ( $r, $url, $out );
       
        return     $out;
    }
    print_r ( parseUrl ( 'me:you@sub.site.org:29000/pear/validate.html?happy=me&sad=you#url' ) );
    ?>

    This returns:
    Array
    (
        [0] => me:you@sub.site.org:29000/pear/validate.html?happy=me&sad=you#url
        [scheme] =>
        [1] =>
        [login] => me
        [2] => me
        [pass] => you
        [3] => you
        [host] => sub.site.org
        [4] => sub.site.org
        [subdomain] => sub
        [5] => sub
        [domain] => site.org
        [6] => site.org
        [extension] => org
        [7] => org
        [port] => 29000
        [8] => 29000
        [path] => /pear/validate.html
        [9] => /pear/validate.html
        [file] => validate.html
        [10] => validate.html
        [arg] => happy=me&sad=you
        [11] => happy=me&sad=you
        [anchor] => url
        [12] => url
    )

    So both named and numbered array keys are possible.

    It's quite advanced, but I think it works in any case... Let me know if it doesn't...
    Nick Smith
    8 years ago
    Note that older versions of PHP (e.g., 4.1) returned an blank string as the path for URLs without any path, such as http://www.php.net

    However more recent versions of PHP (e.g., 4.4.7) don't set the path element in the array, so old code will get a PHP warning about an undefined index.
    stevenlewis at hotmail dot com
    8 years ago
    an update to the glue url function.

    you are able to put a host and a path without a slash at the beginning of the path

    <?php
    function glue_url($parsed)
        {
        if (!     is_array($parsed)) return false;
            $uri = isset($parsed['scheme']) ? $parsed['scheme'].':'.((strtolower($parsed['scheme']) == 'mailto') ? '':'//'): '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['user']) ? $parsed['user'].($parsed['pass']? ':'.$parsed['pass']:'').'@':'';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['host']) ? $parsed['host'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['port']) ? ':'.$parsed['port'] : '';
        if(isset(    $parsed['path']))
            {
                $uri .= (substr($parsed['path'],0,1) == '/')?$parsed['path']:'/'.$parsed['path'];
            }
            $uri .= isset($parsed['query']) ? '?'.$parsed['query'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['fragment']) ? '#'.$parsed['fragment'] : '';
        return     $uri;
        }
    ?>
    spam at paulisageek dot com
    8 years ago
    In reply to adrian,

    Thank you very much for your function. There is a small issue with your relative protocol function. You need to remove the // when making the url the path. Here is the new function.

    function resolve_url($base, $url) {
            if (!strlen($base)) return $url;
            // Step 2
            if (!strlen($url)) return $base;
            // Step 3
            if (preg_match('!^[a-z]+:!i', $url)) return $url;
            $base = parse_url($base);
            if ($url{0} == "#") {
                    // Step 2 (fragment)
                    $base['fragment'] = substr($url, 1);
                    return unparse_url($base);
            }
            unset($base['fragment']);
            unset($base['query']);
            if (substr($url, 0, 2) == "//") {
                    // Step 4
                    return unparse_url(array(
                            'scheme'=>$base['scheme'],
                            'path'=>substr($url,2),
                    ));
            } else if ($url{0} == "/") {
                    // Step 5
                    $base['path'] = $url;
            } else {
                    // Step 6
                    $path = explode('/', $base['path']);
                    $url_path = explode('/', $url);
                    // Step 6a: drop file from base
                    array_pop($path);
                    // Step 6b, 6c, 6e: append url while removing "." and ".." from
                    // the directory portion
                    $end = array_pop($url_path);
                    foreach ($url_path as $segment) {
                            if ($segment == '.') {
                                    // skip
                            } else if ($segment == '..' && $path && $path[sizeof($path)-1] != '..') {
                                    array_pop($path);
                            } else {
                                    $path[] = $segment;
                            }
                    }
                    // Step 6d, 6f: remove "." and ".." from file portion
                    if ($end == '.') {
                            $path[] = '';
                    } else if ($end == '..' && $path && $path[sizeof($path)-1] != '..') {
                            $path[sizeof($path)-1] = '';
                    } else {
                            $path[] = $end;
                    }
                    // Step 6h
                    $base['path'] = join('/', $path);

            }
            // Step 7
            return unparse_url($base);
    }
    christian at resource-it dot dk
    8 years ago
    I searched for an implementation of rfc3986, which is a newer version of rfc 2392. I may find it here : <http://www.chrsen.dk/fundanemt/files/scripter/php/misc/rfc3986.php> - read the rfc at <http://rfc.net/rfc3986.html>
    adrian-php at sixfingeredman dot net
    8 years ago
    Here's a function which implements resolving a relative URL according to RFC 2396 section 5.2. No doubt there are more efficient implementations, but this one tries to remain close to the standard for clarity. It relies on a function called "unparse_url" to implement section 7, left as an exercise for the reader (or you can substitute the "glue_url" function posted earlier).

    <?php
    /**
    * Resolve a URL relative to a base path. This happens to work with POSIX
    * filenames as well. This is based on RFC 2396 section 5.2.
    */
    function resolve_url($base, $url) {
            if (!    strlen($base)) return $url;
                // Step 2
                if (!strlen($url)) return $base;
                // Step 3
                if (preg_match('!^[a-z]+:!i', $url)) return $url;
                $base = parse_url($base);
            if (    $url{0} == "#") {
                        // Step 2 (fragment)
                        $base['fragment'] = substr($url, 1);
                    return     unparse_url($base);
            }
            unset(    $base['fragment']);
            unset(    $base['query']);
            if (    substr($url, 0, 2) == "//") {
                        // Step 4
                        return unparse_url(array(
                                'scheme'=>$base['scheme'],
                                'path'=>$url,
                    ));
            } else if (    $url{0} == "/") {
                        // Step 5
                        $base['path'] = $url;
            } else {
                        // Step 6
                        $path = explode('/', $base['path']);
                        $url_path = explode('/', $url);
                        // Step 6a: drop file from base
                        array_pop($path);
                        // Step 6b, 6c, 6e: append url while removing "." and ".." from
                    // the directory portion
                        $end = array_pop($url_path);
                    foreach (    $url_path as $segment) {
                            if (    $segment == '.') {
                                        // skip
                                } else if ($segment == '..' && $path && $path[sizeof($path)-1] != '..') {
                                        array_pop($path);
                            } else {
                                        $path[] = $segment;
                            }
                    }
                        // Step 6d, 6f: remove "." and ".." from file portion
                        if ($end == '.') {
                                $path[] = '';
                    } else if (    $end == '..' && $path && $path[sizeof($path)-1] != '..') {
                                $path[sizeof($path)-1] = '';
                    } else {
                                $path[] = $end;
                    }
                        // Step 6h
                        $base['path'] = join('/', $path);

            }
                // Step 7
                return unparse_url($base);
    }
    ?>
    Elliott Brueggeman
    8 years ago
    Note that if you pass this function a url without a scheme (www.php.net, as opposed to http://www.php.net), the function will incorrectly parse the results. In my test case it returned the domain under the ['path'] element and nothing in the ['host'] element.
    alistair at 21degrees dot com dot au
    9 years ago
    Heres a simple function to add the $component option in for PHP4. Haven't done exhaustive testing, but should work ok.

    <?php

            ## Defines only available in PHP 5, created for PHP4
            if(!defined('PHP_URL_SCHEME')) define('PHP_URL_SCHEME', 1);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_HOST')) define('PHP_URL_HOST', 2);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_PORT')) define('PHP_URL_PORT', 3);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_USER')) define('PHP_URL_USER', 4);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_PASS')) define('PHP_URL_PASS', 5);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_PATH')) define('PHP_URL_PATH', 6);
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_QUERY')) define('PHP_URL_QUERY', 7);                       
        if(!    defined('PHP_URL_FRAGMENT')) define('PHP_URL_FRAGMENT', 8);   
       
        function     parse_url_compat($url, $component=NULL){
           
            if(!    $component) return parse_url($url);
           
                ## PHP 5
                if(phpversion() >= 5)
                return     parse_url($url, $component);

                ## PHP 4
                $bits = parse_url($url);
           
            switch(    $component){
                case     PHP_URL_SCHEME: return $bits['scheme'];
                case     PHP_URL_HOST: return $bits['host'];
                case     PHP_URL_PORT: return $bits['port'];
                case     PHP_URL_USER: return $bits['user'];
                case     PHP_URL_PASS: return $bits['pass'];
                case     PHP_URL_PATH: return $bits['path'];
                case     PHP_URL_QUERY: return $bits['query'];
                case     PHP_URL_FRAGMENT: return $bits['fragment'];
            }
           
        }

    ?>
    Mark Dobrinic
    5 years ago
    It seems the host-part strips off the last [:port] off the end of the hostname

    When something is wrong in the actual request, this proves to be the wrong way to do things.

    It would be better to not strip off the [:port], but to keep the string *before* the first [:port] as the hostname.

    Problem with (maybe malformed) provided HTTP_HOST
    hostname:443:443
    that resolved in
    'host' => 'hostname:443'

    Which gave me problems.

    Solution would be to enforce this yourself, explicitly:

    <?php
    $p     = parse_url( $url );
    $host = explode(':', $p['host']);
    $hostname = $host[0];
    ?>
    TheShadow
    11 years ago
    You may want to check out the PEAR NET_URL class. It provides easy means to manipulate URL strings.

    http://pear.php.net/package/Net_URL
    Cool Coyote
    7 years ago
    based on the "laulibrius at hotmail dot com" function, this work for relatives url only:

    <?php
    function parseUrl($url) {
    $r = "^(?:(?P<path>[\.\w/]*/)?";
    $r .= "(?P<file>\w+(?:\.\w+)?)?)\.(?P<extension>\w+)?";
    $r .= "(?:\?(?P<arg>[\w=&]+))?";
    $r .= "(?:#(?P<anchor>\w+))?";
    $r = "!$r!";

    preg_match ( $r, $url, $out );
    return     $out;
    }

    print_r(parseUrl("../test/f.aq.php?p=1&v=blabla#X1"));

    ?>

    returns:
    Array
    (
        [0] => ../test/faq.php?p=1&v=blabla#X1
        [path] => ../test/
        [1] => ../test/
        [file] => faq
        [2] => faq
        [extension] => php
        [3] => php
        [arg] => p=1&v=blabla
        [4] => p=1&v=blabla
        [anchor] => X1
        [5] => X1
    )
    laulibrius at hotmail dot com
    7 years ago
    There was one thing missing in the function dropped by "to1ne at hotmail dot com" when i tried it : domain and subdomain couldn't have a dash "-". So i add it in the regexp and the function looks like this now :

    <?php
            function parseUrl($url) {
                $r  = "^(?:(?P<scheme>\w+)://)?";
                $r .= "(?:(?P<login>\w+):(?P<pass>\w+)@)?";
                $r .= "(?P<host>(?:(?P<subdomain>[-\w\.]+)\.)?" . "(?P<domain>[-\w]+\.(?P<extension>\w+)))";
                $r .= "(?::(?P<port>\d+))?";
                $r .= "(?P<path>[\w/]*/(?P<file>\w+(?:\.\w+)?)?)?";
                $r .= "(?:\?(?P<arg>[\w=&]+))?";
                $r .= "(?:#(?P<anchor>\w+))?";
                $r = "!$r!";                                                // Delimiters
          
                preg_match ( $r, $url, $out );
          
            return     $out;
        }
    ?>

    Btw, thanks for the function, it helps me a lot.
    Michael Muryn
    8 years ago
    Another update to the glue_url function: applied the "isset" treatment to $parsed['pass'].

    <?php
    function glue_url($parsed)
    {
        if (!    is_array($parsed)) return false;
            $uri = isset($parsed['scheme']) ? $parsed['scheme'].':'.((strtolower($parsed['scheme']) == 'mailto') ? '' : '//') : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['user']) ? $parsed['user'].(isset($parsed['pass']) ? ':'.$parsed['pass'] : '').'@' : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['host']) ? $parsed['host'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['port']) ? ':'.$parsed['port'] : '';
        if(isset(    $parsed['path']))
        {
                $uri .= (substr($parsed['path'], 0, 1) == '/') ? $parsed['path'] : ('/'.$parsed['path']);
        }
            $uri .= isset($parsed['query']) ? '?'.$parsed['query'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['fragment']) ? '#'.$parsed['fragment'] : '';
        return     $uri;
    }
    ?>
    martin at planio dot com
    5 years ago
    For those of you sending URLs in HTML emails with a redirect address in the query string, note that Hotmail unescapes / and : characters in the query string. So that breaks the parse_url() function call. Take this as an example:
    href="http://example.com/redirect?url=http%3A%2F%2Fplanio.com"
    Hotmail will transform it to this:
    href="http://example.com/redirect?url=http://planio.com"

    The solution is to be preventive before the call to parse_url():
    <?php
    $q_index     = strpos($uri, '?');
    if (    $q_index !== FALSE &&
      (    strpos($uri, ':', $q_index) !== FALSE || strpos($uri, '/', $q_index) !== FALSE)) {
          $begin = substr($uri, 0, $q_index);
          $end = substr($uri, $q_index, strlen($uri)-$q_index);
          $end = str_replace('/', '%2F', $end);
          $end = str_replace(':', '%3A', $end);
          $uri = $begin.$end;
    }
    ?>
    webmaster at bigbirdmedia dot com
    2 years ago
    A simple function using "parse_url" to find the base URL of the given link.

    <?php

    function getPrimaryDomain($url) {
          $tld = parse_url($url,PHP_URL_HOST);
          $tldArray = explode(".",$tld);
     
          // COUNTS THE POSITION IN THE ARRAY TO IDENTIFY THE TOP LEVEL DOMAIN (TLD)
          $l1 = '0';
     
      foreach(    $tldArray as $s) {
            // CHECKS THE POSITION IN THE ARRAY TO SEE IF IT MATCHES ANY OF THE KNOWN TOP LEVEL DOMAINS (YOU CAN ADD TO THIS LIST)
            if($s == 'com' || $s == 'net' || $s == 'info' || $s == 'biz' || $s == 'us' || $s == 'co' || $s == 'org' || $s == 'me') {
         
              // CALCULATES THE SECOND LEVEL DOMAIN POSITION IN THE ARRAY ONCE THE POSITION OF THE TOP LEVEL DOMAIN IS IDENTIFIED
              $l2 = $l1 - 1;   
        }
        else {
              // INCREMENTS THE COUNTER FOR THE TOP LEVEL DOMAIN POSITION IF NO MATCH IS FOUND
              $l1++;
        }
      }
     
          // RETURN THE SECOND LEVEL DOMAIN AND THE TOP LEVEL DOMAIN IN THE FORMAT LIKE "SOMEDOMAIN.COM"
          echo $tldArray[$l2] . '.' . $tldArray[$l1];
    }

    // CALL THE FUNCTION - THIS EXAMPLE RETURNS "BITLY.COM"
    getPrimaryDomain('http://www.enterprise.bitly.com/?utm_source=homepage);

    ?>
    bahtiar at gadimov dot de
    5 years ago
    Hi,

    if you have problems with UTF8 encoded urls please see http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=52923 . parse_url breaks the utf8. :( You have to implement it yourself.
    mostafa at alfehrest dot org
    6 months ago
    This function will attempt to parse relative URLs but relaying on it can produce unexpected behavior that can cause some hard to track bugs. (The following results are obtained from PHP 5.5.19)

    Attempting to parse a url like this
    http://example.com/entities/GOA:98/?search=8989157d1f22
    Correctly produces
    <?php
    array (
          'scheme' => 'http',
          'host' => 'example.com',
          'path' => '/entities/GOA:98/',
          'query' => 'search=8989157d1f22',
    );
    ?>

    However, Attempting to parse the relative URL
    entities/GOA:98/?search=8989157d1f22
    <?php
    array (
          'host' => 'entities',
          'port' => 98,
          'path' => '/GOA:98/',
          'query' => 'search=8989157d1f22',
    )
    ?>
    If I change :98 to :A98 parse_url parses the URL correctly as
    <?php
    array (
          'path' => 'entities/GOA:A98/',
          'query' => 'search=8989157d1f22',
    )
    ?>
    Bottom line, Avoid using parse_url for relative urls unless you have tested the expected input and you know parse_url will handle them well.
    Rob
    1 year ago
    I've been working on a generic class that would make URI parsing / building a little easier.

    The composer package is here: https://packagist.org/packages/enrise/urihelper

    And the repository is here: https://github.com/Enrise/UriHelper

    An example of the usage:

    <?php
    $uri     = new \Enrise\Uri('http://usr:pss@example.com:81/mypath/myfile.html?a=b&b[]=2&b[]=3#myfragment');
    echo     $uri->getScheme(); // http
    echo $uri->getUser(); // usr
    echo $uri->getPass(); // pss
    echo $uri->getHost(); // example.com
    echo $uri->getPort(); // 81
    echo $uri->getPath(); // /mypath/myfile.html
    echo $uri->getQuery(); // a=b&b[]=2&b[]=3
    echo $uri->getFragment(); // myfragment
    echo $uri->isSchemeless(); // false
    echo $uri->isRelative(); // false

    $uri->setScheme('scheme:child:scheme.VALIDscheme123:');
    $uri->setPort(null);

    echo     $uri->getUri(); //scheme:child:scheme.VALIDscheme123:usr:pss@example.com/mypath/myfile.html?a=b&b[]=2&b[]=3#myfragment
    ?>
    Egor Chernodarov
    5 years ago
    Noticed the following differences in error handling:

    <?php
        print_r    (parse_url('ftp://user:password@host:port'));
    ?>

    In PHP 5.2.6 returns:
    Array
    (
        [scheme] => ftp
        [host] => host
        [user] => user
        [pass] => password
    )

    port is just skipped.

    But in PHP 5.3.6 returns NULL without any warnings.
    gautam at rogers dot com
    7 years ago
    What about using something like this to safely encoding all the values that are passed in the query portion?

    Example input:
    http://www.example.com/?first=john&last=smith&email=john@smith.com

    Result:
    http://www.example.com/?first=john&last=smith&email=john%40smith.com

    <?php
    function safe_url($url) {
          // Make sure we have a string to work with
          if(!empty($url)) {
            // Explode into URL keys
            $urllist=parse_url($url);

            // Make sure we have a valid result set and a query field
            if(is_array($urllist) && isset($urllist["query"])) {
              // Explode into key/value array
              $keyvalue_list=explode("&",($urllist["query"]));

              // Store resulting key/value pairs
              $keyvalue_result=array();

          foreach(    $keyvalue_list as $key=>$value) {
                // Explode each individual key/value into an array
                $keyvalue=explode("=",$value);

                // Make sure we have a "key=value" array
                if(count($keyvalue)==2) {
                  // Encode the value portion
                  $keyvalue[1]=urlencode($keyvalue[1]);

                  // Add our key and encoded value into the result
                  array_push($keyvalue_result,implode("=",$keyvalue));
            }
          }

              // Repopulate our query key with encoded results
              $urllist["query"]=implode("&",$keyvalue_result);

              // Build the the final output URL
              $url=(isset($urllist["scheme"])?$urllist["scheme"]."://":"").
               (isset(    $urllist["user"])?$urllist["user"].":":"").
               (isset(    $urllist["pass"])?$urllist["pass"]."@":"").
               (isset(    $urllist["host"])?$urllist["host"]:"").
               (isset(    $urllist["port"])?":".$urllist["port"]:"").
               (isset(    $urllist["path"])?$urllist["path"]:"").
               (isset(    $urllist["query"])?"?".$urllist["query"]:"").
               (isset(    $urllist["fragment"])?"#".$urllist["fragment"]:"");
        }
      }
     
      return     $url;
    }
    ?>
    ilja at radusch dot com
    7 years ago
    Here is an update to the glue_url() function.

    It can now handle relative URLs if only 'path' is provided.

    <?php
    function glue_url($parsed) {
        if (!    is_array($parsed)) {
            return     false;
        }

            $uri = isset($parsed['scheme']) ? $parsed['scheme'].':'.((strtolower($parsed['scheme']) == 'mailto') ? '' : '//') : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['user']) ? $parsed['user'].(isset($parsed['pass']) ? ':'.$parsed['pass'] : '').'@' : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['host']) ? $parsed['host'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['port']) ? ':'.$parsed['port'] : '';

        if (isset(    $parsed['path'])) {
                $uri .= (substr($parsed['path'], 0, 1) == '/') ?
                    $parsed['path'] : ((!empty($uri) ? '/' : '' ) . $parsed['path']);
        }

            $uri .= isset($parsed['query']) ? '?'.$parsed['query'] : '';
            $uri .= isset($parsed['fragment']) ? '#'.$parsed['fragment'] : '';

        return     $uri;
    }
    ?>
    Nicolas Merlet - admin(at)merletn.org
    8 years ago
    Please note that parse_url seems not to produce always the same results when passing non-standard urls.

    Eg. I was using this code since 2005 (both under PHP 4.3.10 and PHP 5.2.3) :

    <?php

      $p     = parse_url ( 'http://domain.tld/tcp://domain2.tld/dir/file' ) ;

          $d2 = parse_url ( $p['path'] ) ;

      echo     $d2 ;  // returns '/dir/file'

    ?>

    Of course my example is very specific, as URL is not really correct. But using parse_url was a great trick to split URL easily (without using regular expressions).

    Unfortunately under PHP 5.2.0-8 (+etch10), parse_url will fail as it does not accept the slash (/) at the beginning of URL.

    Here is a possible patch :

    <?php

      $p     = parse_url ( 'http://domain.tld/tcp://domain2.tld/dir/file' ) ;

          $d2 = parse_url ( substr ( $p['path'] , 1 ) ) ;

      echo     $d2 ;  // returns '/dir/file'

    ?>

    However this last code is not optimized at all, and should be replaced by a regular expression to split URL (so that parse_url would be no longer used).

    So you should use parse_url very carefully, and verify that you pass only standard URLs...
    Marc-Antoine Ross
    9 years ago
    Do not look for the fragment in $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'], you will not find it. You should read the fragment in JavaScript for example.
    jbr at ya-right dot com
    7 years ago
    This function never works the way you think it should...

    Example....

    <?php

    print_r     ( parse_url ( 'me:you@sub.site.org/pear/validate.html?happy=me&sad=you#url' ) );

    ?>

    Returns...

    Array
    (
        [scheme] => me
        [path] => you@sub.site.org/pear/validate.html
        [query] => happy=me&sad=you
        [fragment] => url
    )

    Here my way of doing parse_url

    <?php

    function parseUrl ( $url )
    {
            $r  = '!(?:(\w+)://)?(?:(\w+)\:(\w+)@)?([^/:]+)?';
            $r .= '(?:\:(\d*))?([^#?]+)?(?:\?([^#]+))?(?:#(.+$))?!i';

            preg_match ( $r, $url, $out );

        return     $out;
    }

    print_r ( parseUrl ( 'me:you@sub.site.org/pear/validate.html?happy=me&sad=you#url' ) );

    ?>

    Returns...

    Array
    (
        [0] => me:you@sub.site.org/pear/validate.html?happy=me&sad=you#url
        [1] =>
        [2] => me
        [3] => you
        [4] => sub.site.org
        [5] =>
        [6] => /pear/validate.html
        [7] => happy=me&sad=you
        [8] => url
    )

    Where as...

    out[0] = full url
    out[1] = scheme or '' if no scheme was found
    out[2] = username or '' if no auth username was found
    out[3] = password or '' if no auth password was found
    out[4] = domain name or '' if no domain name was found
    out[5] = port number or '' if no port number was found
    out[6] = path or '' if no path was found
    out[7] = query or '' if no query was found
    out[8] = fragment or '' if no fragment was found
    przemek at sobstel dot org
    5 years ago
    If you want to get host, function will return NULL if you pass only host.

    Example:

    <?php
    parse_url    ($url, PHP_URL_HOST);
    ?>

    $url => value returned

    http://example.com => string 'example.com' (length=11)
    http://www.example.com =>string 'www.example.com' (length=15)
    http://www.example.com:8080 => string 'www.example.com' (length=15)
    example.com => null
    www.example.com => null
    example.com:8080 => string 'example.com' (length=11)
    www.example.com:8080 => string 'www.example.com' (length=15)
    FredLudd at gmail dot com
    7 years ago
    Another shot at trying to find a better parser. I noticed that the laulibrius/theoriginalmarksimpson functions didn't quite handle the URL for the page they were displayed on. For my mirror, ca3, this is
      http://ca3.php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php

    Run it through the function and it parses to
      scheme => http
      login =>
      pass =>
      host => ca3.php.net
      ip =>
      subdomain => ca3
      domain => php.
      extension => net
      port =>
      path => /manual/en/function.parse
      file => function.parse
    that is, the file name gets a bit mangled

    Rather than tweak the function's regular expression yet again, I opted to adapt a RegExp that served me well in Javascript:

    function j_parseUrl($url) {
      $r  = "(?:([a-z0-9+-._]+)://)?";
      $r .= "(?:";
      $r .=   "(?:((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)@)?";
      $r .=   "((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)";
      $r .=   "(?::(\d*))?";
      $r .=   "(/(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?";
      $r .=   "|";
      $r .=   "(/?";
      $r .=     "(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+";
      $r .=     "(?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*";
      $r .=    ")?";
      $r .= ")";
      $r .= "(?:\?((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*))?";
      $r .= "(?:#((?:[a-z0-9-._~!$&'()*+,;=:\/?@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*))?";
      preg_match("`$r`i", $url, $match);
      $parts = array(
                "scheme"=>'',
                "userinfo"=>'',
                "authority"=>'',
                "host"=> '',
                "port"=>'',
                "path"=>'',
                "query"=>'',
                "fragment"=>'');
      switch (count ($match)) {
        case 9: $parts['fragment'] = $match[8];
        case 8: $parts['query'] = $match[7];
        case 7: $parts['path'] =  $match[6];
        case 6: $parts['path'] =  $match[5] . $parts['path'];
        case 5: $parts['port'] =  $match[4];
        case 4: $parts['host'] =  $match[3];
        case 3: $parts['userinfo'] =  $match[2];
        case 2: $parts['scheme'] =  $match[1];
      }
      $parts['authority'] = ($parts['userinfo']?$parts['userinfo']."@":"").
                             $parts['host'].
                            ($parts['port']?":".$parts['port']:"");
      return $parts;
    }

    This function, when fed "http://ca3.php.net/manual/en/function.parse-url.php", returns
      scheme => http
      userinfo =>
      authority => ca3.php.net
      host => ca3.php.net
      port =>
      path => /manual/en/function.parse-url.php
      query =>
      fragment =>
    which is somewhat closer to my needs.

    But everything should be tested against the two examples provided by RFC3986,

      /* line too long for this site's commnet handler */
      "foo://username:password@example.com:8042".
          "/over/there/index.dtb;type=animal?name=ferret#nose"
    and
      "urn:example:animal:ferret:nose"

    Here the native function parse_url() performs admirably on that "urn:" example. Mine fails to pick out the path ("example:animal:ferret:nose") and the laulibrius/theoriginalmarksimpson function can't decipher anything there. On the "foo:" example, both my function and parse_url() get it right, while the other examples on this page don't.

    The laulibrius/theoriginalmarksimpson function delivers
      scheme => foo
      login => username
      pass => password
      host => example.com
      ip =>
      subdomain =>
      domain => example.
      extension => com
      port => 8042
      path => /over/there/index.dtb
      file => index.dtb

    As you can see, the query string ("name=ferret") and fragment ("nose") have dropped off, as well as the parameter ("type=animal").
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