pg_insert

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)

pg_insert — Insert array into table

Description

mixed pg_insert ( resource $connection , string $table_name , array $assoc_array [, int $options = PGSQL_DML_EXEC ] )

pg_insert() inserts the values of assoc_array into the table specified by table_name. If options is specified, pg_convert() is applied to assoc_array with the specified options.

Parameters

connection: PostgreSQL database connection resource.
table_name: Name of the table into which to insert rows. The table table_name must at least have as many columns as assoc_array has elements.
assoc_array: An array whose keys are field names in the table table_name, and whose values are the values of those fields that are to be inserted.
options: Any number of PGSQL_CONV_OPTS, PGSQL_DML_NO_CONV, PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE, PGSQL_DML_EXEC, PGSQL_DML_ASYNC or PGSQL_DML_STRING combined. If PGSQL_DML_STRING is part of the options then query string is returned. When PGSQL_DML_NO_CONV or PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE is set, it does not call pg_convert() internally.

Return Values

Returns TRUE on success or FALSE on failure. Returns string if PGSQL_DML_STRING is passed via options.

Examples

Example #1 pg_insert() example


<?php 
  $dbconn = pg_connect('dbname=foo');
  // This is safe, since $_POST is converted automatically
  $res = pg_insert($dbconn, 'post_log', $_POST);
  if ($res) {
      echo "POST data is successfully logged\n";
  } else {
      echo "User must have sent wrong inputs\n";
  }
?>

Changelog

Version	Description
5.6.0	No longer experimental. Added `PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE` constant, `TRUE`/`FALSE` and `NULL` data type support.
5.5.3/5.4.19	Direct SQL injection to `table_name` and Indirect SQL injection to identifiers are fixed.

User Contributed Notes

shane at treesandthings dot com

12 years ago


Returns SQL statement, slight improvement on the code from 'rorezende at hotmail dot com'.  This version adds bool values correctly.It also checks to make sure there is actually a value in the array before including it in the sql statement. (ie: null values or empty strings won't be added to the sql statement)

<?PHP
function db_build_insert($table,$array)
{

   $str = "insert into $table ";
   $strn = "(";
   $strv = " VALUES (";
   while(list($name,$value) = each($array)) {

       if(is_bool($value)) {
                $strn .= "$name,";
                $strv .= ($value ? "true":"false") . ",";
                continue;
        };

       if(is_string($value)) {
                $strn .= "$name,";
                $strv .= "'$value',";
                continue;
        }
       if (!is_null($value) and ($value != "")) {
                $strn .= "$name,";
                $strv .= "$value,";
                continue;
       }
   }
   $strn[strlen($strn)-1] = ')';
   $strv[strlen($strv)-1] = ')';
   $str .= $strn . $strv;
   return $str;

}
?>

jsnell at e-normous dot com

8 years ago


If you need schema support, this function will do something similar to pg_insert:

function pg_insert_with_schema($connection, $table, $updates) 
{
 $schema = 'public';
 if (strpos($table, '.') !== false)
    list($schema, $table) = explode('.', $table);

    if (count($updates) == 0) {
        $sql = "INSERT INTO $schema.\"$table\" DEFAULT VALUES";
            return pg_query($sql);
        } else {
 $sql = "INSERT INTO $schema.\"$table\" ";
            
 $sql .= '("';
 $sql .= join('", "', array_keys($updates));
 $sql .= '")';

 $sql .= ' values (';
 for($i = 0; $i < count($updates); $i++)
   $sql .= ($i != 0? ', ':'').'$'.($i+1);
 $sql .= ')';
 return pg_query_params($connection, $sql, array_values($updates));
 }
}

skippy at zuavra dot net

11 years ago


Beware of the following: pg_insert() and pg_update() are adding slashes to all character-like fields they work with. This makes them SQL injection super-safe, but there are unwanted consequences, as follows:

If you have a regular setup with magic_quotes_gcp=On, and you use pg_insert() or pg_update(), you will end up with fields that look as if you used addslashes() twice. To solve this, you can use stripslashes() on the data just before using it with pg_insert() or pg_update().

There's another alternative, which seems better to me. Why make yourself crazy all over the code, adding slashes, stripping slashes, worrying whether magic_quotes_gpc is on or off and so on and so forth? Why do this, when the only place you actually need those slashes is right when you push the data into the database?

So why not get rid of your addslashes() and stripslashes() from all over your code, and turn magic_quotes_gcp off. As long as you always use pg_insert() and pg_update() to do your DB work, you're SQL-injection safe AND slash-headache free.

mina86 at tlen dot pl

11 years ago


Next version :) My version checks whether value is bool, null, string or numeric and if one of the values is not function returns false if not. null values are inserted as NULL, bool as true or false and strings are add-shlashed before adding to query string. Note, that this function is not safe. SQL injection is possible with column names if you use $_POST or something similar as a $array.

<?php
function db_build_insert($table, $array) {
  if (count($array)===0) return false;
  $columns = array_keys($array);
  $values = array_values($array);
  unset($array);

  for ($i = 0, $c = count($values); $i$c; ++$i) {
    if (is_bool($values[$i])) {
      $values[$i] = $values[$i]?'true':'false';
    } elseif (is_null($values[$i])) {
      $values[$i] = 'NULL';
    } elseif (is_string($values[$i])) {
      $values[$i] = "'" . addslashes($values[$i]) . "'";
    } elseif (!is_numeric($values[$i])) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  return "INSERT INTO $table ($column_quote" . implode(', ', $columns) .
    ") VALUES (" . implode(', ', $values) . ")";
}
?>

phpuser at ego dot gen dot nz

4 years ago


This function cannot be used to insert a record with only default values - i.e. with an assoc_array of array()

excalibur at nospam dot icehouse dot net

9 years ago


Today at work I isolated a problem I was having with this function to how I was formatting the date.  I was assigning the date in my code as follows:

$today = date( "Ymd" ); // ISO 8601

This format is acceptable to PostgreSQL, as verified by their documentation and buy tests using psql.  However, to make it work in my code, I had to make the following change:

$today = date( "Y-m-d" ); // also ISO 8601 format

rorezende at hotmail dot com

12 years ago


Time is money, then I write a function similar to pg_insert in PHP (only output sql statement) :

   function db_mount_insert($table,$array) {

    $str = "insert into $table (";
    while(list($name,$value) = each($array)) {        
        $str .= "$name,";        
    }
    $str[strlen($str)-1] = ')';
    $str .= " values (";
    reset($array);
    while(list($name,$value) = each($array)) {        
        if(is_string($value))
            $str .= "'$value',";
        else
            $str .= "$value,";
    }
    $str[strlen($str)-1] = ')';
    $str .= ";"    ;
    
    return $str;

   }

ANDYCHR17 at HOTMAIL dot COM