PHP 7.0.6 Released

pg_insert

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)

pg_insert Insert array into table

Description

mixed pg_insert ( resource $connection , string $table_name , array $assoc_array [, int $options = PGSQL_DML_EXEC ] )

pg_insert() inserts the values of assoc_array into the table specified by table_name. If options is specified, pg_convert() is applied to assoc_array with the specified options.

Parameters

connection

PostgreSQL database connection resource.

table_name

Name of the table into which to insert rows. The table table_name must at least have as many columns as assoc_array has elements.

assoc_array

An array whose keys are field names in the table table_name, and whose values are the values of those fields that are to be inserted.

options

Any number of PGSQL_CONV_OPTS, PGSQL_DML_NO_CONV, PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE, PGSQL_DML_EXEC, PGSQL_DML_ASYNC or PGSQL_DML_STRING combined. If PGSQL_DML_STRING is part of the options then query string is returned. When PGSQL_DML_NO_CONV or PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE is set, it does not call pg_convert() internally.

Return Values

Returns TRUE on success or FALSE on failure. Returns string if PGSQL_DML_STRING is passed via options.

Examples

Example #1 pg_insert() example

<?php 
  $dbconn 
pg_connect('dbname=foo');
  
// This is safe, since $_POST is converted automatically
  
$res pg_insert($dbconn'post_log'$_POST);
  if (
$res) {
      echo 
"POST data is successfully logged\n";
  } else {
      echo 
"User must have sent wrong inputs\n";
  }
?>

Changelog

Version Description
5.6.0 No longer experimental. Added PGSQL_DML_ESCAPE constant, TRUE/FALSE and NULL data type support.
5.5.3/5.4.19 Direct SQL injection to table_name and Indirect SQL injection to identifiers are fixed.

See Also

  • pg_convert() - Convert associative array values into suitable for SQL statement

User Contributed Notes

shane at treesandthings dot com
12 years ago
Returns SQL statement, slight improvement on the code from 'rorezende at hotmail dot com'.  This version adds bool values correctly.It also checks to make sure there is actually a value in the array before including it in the sql statement. (ie: null values or empty strings won't be added to the sql statement)

<?PHP
function db_build_insert($table,$array)
{

  
$str = "insert into $table ";
  
$strn = "(";
  
$strv = " VALUES (";
   while(list(
$name,$value) = each($array)) {

       if(
is_bool($value)) {
               
$strn .= "$name,";
               
$strv .= ($value ? "true":"false") . ",";
                continue;
        };

       if(
is_string($value)) {
               
$strn .= "$name,";
               
$strv .= "'$value',";
                continue;
        }
       if (!
is_null($value) and ($value != "")) {
               
$strn .= "$name,";
               
$strv .= "$value,";
                continue;
       }
   }
  
$strn[strlen($strn)-1] = ')';
  
$strv[strlen($strv)-1] = ')';
  
$str .= $strn . $strv;
   return
$str;

}
?>
jsnell at e-normous dot com
8 years ago
If you need schema support, this function will do something similar to pg_insert:

function pg_insert_with_schema($connection, $table, $updates)
{
$schema = 'public';
if (strpos($table, '.') !== false)
    list($schema, $table) = explode('.', $table);

    if (count($updates) == 0) {
        $sql = "INSERT INTO $schema.\"$table\" DEFAULT VALUES";
            return pg_query($sql);
        } else {
$sql = "INSERT INTO $schema.\"$table\" ";
           
$sql .= '("';
$sql .= join('", "', array_keys($updates));
$sql .= '")';

$sql .= ' values (';
for($i = 0; $i < count($updates); $i++)
   $sql .= ($i != 0? ', ':'').'$'.($i+1);
$sql .= ')';
return pg_query_params($connection, $sql, array_values($updates));
}
}
skippy at zuavra dot net
11 years ago
Beware of the following: pg_insert() and pg_update() are adding slashes to all character-like fields they work with. This makes them SQL injection super-safe, but there are unwanted consequences, as follows:

If you have a regular setup with magic_quotes_gcp=On, and you use pg_insert() or pg_update(), you will end up with fields that look as if you used addslashes() twice. To solve this, you can use stripslashes() on the data just before using it with pg_insert() or pg_update().

There's another alternative, which seems better to me. Why make yourself crazy all over the code, adding slashes, stripping slashes, worrying whether magic_quotes_gpc is on or off and so on and so forth? Why do this, when the only place you actually need those slashes is right when you push the data into the database?

So why not get rid of your addslashes() and stripslashes() from all over your code, and turn magic_quotes_gcp off. As long as you always use pg_insert() and pg_update() to do your DB work, you're SQL-injection safe AND slash-headache free.
mina86 at tlen dot pl
11 years ago
Next version :) My version checks whether value is bool, null, string or numeric and if one of the values is not function returns false if not. null values are inserted as NULL, bool as true or false and strings are add-shlashed before adding to query string. Note, that this function is not safe. SQL injection is possible with column names if you use $_POST or something similar as a $array.

<?php
function db_build_insert($table, $array) {
  if (
count($array)===0) return false;
 
$columns = array_keys($array);
 
$values = array_values($array);
  unset(
$array);

  for (
$i = 0, $c = count($values); $i$c; ++$i) {
    if (
is_bool($values[$i])) {
     
$values[$i] = $values[$i]?'true':'false';
    } elseif (
is_null($values[$i])) {
     
$values[$i] = 'NULL';
    } elseif (
is_string($values[$i])) {
     
$values[$i] = "'" . addslashes($values[$i]) . "'";
    } elseif (!
is_numeric($values[$i])) {
      return
false;
    }
  }

  return
"INSERT INTO $table ($column_quote" . implode(', ', $columns) .
   
") VALUES (" . implode(', ', $values) . ")";
}
?>
phpuser at ego dot gen dot nz
4 years ago
This function cannot be used to insert a record with only default values - i.e. with an assoc_array of array()
excalibur at nospam dot icehouse dot net
9 years ago
Today at work I isolated a problem I was having with this function to how I was formatting the date.  I was assigning the date in my code as follows:

$today = date( "Ymd" ); // ISO 8601

This format is acceptable to PostgreSQL, as verified by their documentation and buy tests using psql.  However, to make it work in my code, I had to make the following change:

$today = date( "Y-m-d" ); // also ISO 8601 format
rorezende at hotmail dot com
12 years ago
Time is money, then I write a function similar to pg_insert in PHP (only output sql statement) :

   function db_mount_insert($table,$array) {

    $str = "insert into $table (";
    while(list($name,$value) = each($array)) {       
        $str .= "$name,";       
    }
    $str[strlen($str)-1] = ')';
    $str .= " values (";
    reset($array);
    while(list($name,$value) = each($array)) {       
        if(is_string($value))
            $str .= "'$value',";
        else
            $str .= "$value,";
    }
    $str[strlen($str)-1] = ')';
    $str .= ";"    ;
   
    return $str;

   }
ANDYCHR17 at HOTMAIL dot COM
9 years ago
Had a few issues while trying to run this in PHP 4.4.0:

- I could not get it to work with column names that are SQL reserved words (example: desc, order). I was forced to change the column names in order to use the function. I could not put the column names in quotes, because that caused pg_convert() to fail.

- Function was returning false until I passed the PGSQL_DML_EXEC option.
Anonymous
7 years ago
it seems to fail silently if you try to insert somehting with a mis-named column
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