| decompose {stats} | R Documentation |
Decompose a time series into seasonal, trend and irregular components using moving averages. Deals with additive or multiplicative seasonal component.
decompose(x, type = c("additive", "multiplicative"), filter = NULL)
x |
A time series. |
type |
The type of seasonal component. Can be abbreviated. |
filter |
A vector of filter coefficients in reverse time order (as for
AR or MA coefficients), used for filtering out the seasonal
component. If |
The additive model used is:
Y[t] = T[t] + S[t] + e[t]
The multiplicative model used is:
Y[t] = T[t] * S[t] * e[t]
The function first determines the trend component using a moving
average (if filter is NULL, a symmetric window with
equal weights is used), and removes it from the time series. Then,
the seasonal figure is computed by averaging, for each time unit, over
all periods. The seasonal figure is then centered. Finally, the error
component is determined by removing trend and seasonal figure
(recycled as needed) from the original time series.
This only works well if x covers an integer number of complete
periods.
An object of class "decomposed.ts" with following components:
x |
The original series. |
seasonal |
The seasonal component (i.e., the repeated seasonal figure). |
figure |
The estimated seasonal figure only. |
trend |
The trend component. |
random |
The remainder part. |
type |
The value of |
The function stl provides a much more sophisticated
decomposition.
David Meyer David.Meyer@wu.ac.at
M. Kendall and A. Stuart (1983) The Advanced Theory of Statistics, Vol.3, Griffin. pp. 410–414.
require(graphics)
m <- decompose(co2)
m$figure
plot(m)
## example taken from Kendall/Stuart
x <- c(-50, 175, 149, 214, 247, 237, 225, 329, 729, 809,
530, 489, 540, 457, 195, 176, 337, 239, 128, 102, 232, 429, 3,
98, 43, -141, -77, -13, 125, 361, -45, 184)
x <- ts(x, start = c(1951, 1), end = c(1958, 4), frequency = 4)
m <- decompose(x)
## seasonal figure: 6.25, 8.62, -8.84, -6.03
round(decompose(x)$figure / 10, 2)