sklearn.covariance.graphical_lasso

sklearn.covariance.graphical_lasso(emp_cov, alpha, cov_init=None, mode='cd', tol=0.0001, enet_tol=0.0001, max_iter=100, verbose=False, return_costs=False, eps=2.220446049250313e-16, return_n_iter=False)

l1-penalized covariance estimator

Read more in the User Guide.

Parameters:

emp_cov : 2D ndarray, shape (n_features, n_features)

Empirical covariance from which to compute the covariance estimate.

alpha : positive float

The regularization parameter: the higher alpha, the more regularization, the sparser the inverse covariance.

cov_init : 2D array (n_features, n_features), optional

The initial guess for the covariance.

mode : {‘cd’, ‘lars’}

The Lasso solver to use: coordinate descent or LARS. Use LARS for very sparse underlying graphs, where p > n. Elsewhere prefer cd which is more numerically stable.

tol : positive float, optional

The tolerance to declare convergence: if the dual gap goes below this value, iterations are stopped.

enet_tol : positive float, optional

The tolerance for the elastic net solver used to calculate the descent direction. This parameter controls the accuracy of the search direction for a given column update, not of the overall parameter estimate. Only used for mode=’cd’.

max_iter : integer, optional

The maximum number of iterations.

verbose : boolean, optional

If verbose is True, the objective function and dual gap are printed at each iteration.

return_costs : boolean, optional

If return_costs is True, the objective function and dual gap at each iteration are returned.

eps : float, optional

The machine-precision regularization in the computation of the Cholesky diagonal factors. Increase this for very ill-conditioned systems.

return_n_iter : bool, optional

Whether or not to return the number of iterations.

Returns:

covariance : 2D ndarray, shape (n_features, n_features)

The estimated covariance matrix.

precision : 2D ndarray, shape (n_features, n_features)

The estimated (sparse) precision matrix.

costs : list of (objective, dual_gap) pairs

The list of values of the objective function and the dual gap at each iteration. Returned only if return_costs is True.

n_iter : int

Number of iterations. Returned only if return_n_iter is set to True.

See also

GraphicalLasso, GraphicalLassoCV

Notes

The algorithm employed to solve this problem is the GLasso algorithm, from the Friedman 2008 Biostatistics paper. It is the same algorithm as in the R glasso package.

One possible difference with the glasso R package is that the diagonal coefficients are not penalized.