» Resource: aws_db_instance

Provides an RDS instance resource. A DB instance is an isolated database environment in the cloud. A DB instance can contain multiple user-created databases.

Changes to a DB instance can occur when you manually change a parameter, such as allocated_storage, and are reflected in the next maintenance window. Because of this, Terraform may report a difference in its planning phase because a modification has not yet taken place. You can use the apply_immediately flag to instruct the service to apply the change immediately (see documentation below).

When upgrading the major version of an engine, allow_major_version_upgrade must be set to true.

Note: using apply_immediately can result in a brief downtime as the server reboots. See the AWS Docs on RDS Maintenance for more information.

Note: All arguments including the username and password will be stored in the raw state as plain-text. Read more about sensitive data in state.

» RDS Instance Class Types

Amazon RDS supports three types of instance classes: Standard, Memory Optimized, and Burstable Performance. For more information please read the AWS RDS documentation about DB Instance Class Types

» Example Usage

resource "aws_db_instance" "default" {
  allocated_storage    = 20
  storage_type         = "gp2"
  engine               = "mysql"
  engine_version       = "5.7"
  instance_class       = "db.t2.micro"
  name                 = "mydb"
  username             = "foo"
  password             = "foobarbaz"
  parameter_group_name = "default.mysql5.7"
}

» Argument Reference

For more detailed documentation about each argument, refer to the AWS official documentation.

The following arguments are supported:

allocated_storage - (Required unless a snapshot_identifier or replicate_source_db is provided) The allocated storage in gibibytes.
allow_major_version_upgrade - (Optional) Indicates that major version upgrades are allowed. Changing this parameter does not result in an outage and the change is asynchronously applied as soon as possible.
apply_immediately - (Optional) Specifies whether any database modifications are applied immediately, or during the next maintenance window. Default is false. See Amazon RDS Documentation for more information.
auto_minor_version_upgrade - (Optional) Indicates that minor engine upgrades will be applied automatically to the DB instance during the maintenance window. Defaults to true.
availability_zone - (Optional) The AZ for the RDS instance.
backup_retention_period - (Optional) The days to retain backups for. Must be between 0 and 35. When creating a Read Replica the value must be greater than 0. See Read Replica.
backup_window - (Optional) The daily time range (in UTC) during which automated backups are created if they are enabled. Example: "09:46-10:16". Must not overlap with maintenance_window.
character_set_name - (Optional) The character set name to use for DB encoding in Oracle instances. This can't be changed. See Oracle Character Sets Supported in Amazon RDS for more information.
copy_tags_to_snapshot – (Optional, boolean) Copy all Instance tags to snapshots. Default is false.
db_subnet_group_name - (Optional) Name of DB subnet group. DB instance will be created in the VPC associated with the DB subnet group. If unspecified, will be created in the default VPC, or in EC2 Classic, if available. When working with read replicas, it needs to be specified only if the source database specifies an instance in another AWS Region. See DBSubnetGroupName in API action CreateDBInstanceReadReplica for additional read replica contraints.
deletion_protection - (Optional) If the DB instance should have deletion protection enabled. The database can't be deleted when this value is set to true. The default is false.
domain - (Optional) The ID of the Directory Service Active Directory domain to create the instance in.
domain_iam_role_name - (Optional, but required if domain is provided) The name of the IAM role to be used when making API calls to the Directory Service.
enabled_cloudwatch_logs_exports - (Optional) List of log types to enable for exporting to CloudWatch logs. If omitted, no logs will be exported. Valid values (depending on engine): alert, audit, error, general, listener, slowquery, trace, postgresql (PostgreSQL), upgrade (PostgreSQL).
engine - (Required unless a snapshot_identifier or replicate_source_db is provided) The database engine to use. For supported values, see the Engine parameter in API action CreateDBInstance. Note that for Amazon Aurora instances the engine must match the DB cluster's engine'. For information on the difference between the available Aurora MySQL engines see Comparison between Aurora MySQL 1 and Aurora MySQL 2 in the Amazon RDS User Guide.
engine_version - (Optional) The engine version to use. If auto_minor_version_upgrade is enabled, you can provide a prefix of the version such as 5.7 (for 5.7.10) and this attribute will ignore differences in the patch version automatically (e.g. 5.7.17). For supported values, see the EngineVersion parameter in API action CreateDBInstance. Note that for Amazon Aurora instances the engine version must match the DB cluster's engine version'.
final_snapshot_identifier - (Optional) The name of your final DB snapshot when this DB instance is deleted. If omitted, no final snapshot will be made.
iam_database_authentication_enabled - (Optional) Specifies whether or mappings of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) accounts to database accounts is enabled.
identifier - (Optional, Forces new resource) The name of the RDS instance, if omitted, Terraform will assign a random, unique identifier.
identifier_prefix - (Optional, Forces new resource) Creates a unique identifier beginning with the specified prefix. Conflicts with identifier.
instance_class - (Required) The instance type of the RDS instance.
iops - (Optional) The amount of provisioned IOPS. Setting this implies a storage_type of "io1".
kms_key_id - (Optional) The ARN for the KMS encryption key. If creating an encrypted replica, set this to the destination KMS ARN.
license_model - (Optional, but required for some DB engines, i.e. Oracle SE1) License model information for this DB instance.
maintenance_window - (Optional) The window to perform maintenance in. Syntax: "ddd:hh24:mi-ddd:hh24:mi". Eg: "Mon:00:00-Mon:03:00". See RDS Maintenance Window docs for more information.
monitoring_interval - (Optional) The interval, in seconds, between points when Enhanced Monitoring metrics are collected for the DB instance. To disable collecting Enhanced Monitoring metrics, specify 0. The default is 0. Valid Values: 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60.
monitoring_role_arn - (Optional) The ARN for the IAM role that permits RDS to send enhanced monitoring metrics to CloudWatch Logs. You can find more information on the AWS Documentation what IAM permissions are needed to allow Enhanced Monitoring for RDS Instances.
multi_az - (Optional) Specifies if the RDS instance is multi-AZ
name - (Optional) The name of the database to create when the DB instance is created. If this parameter is not specified, no database is created in the DB instance. Note that this does not apply for Oracle or SQL Server engines. See the AWS documentation for more details on what applies for those engines.
option_group_name - (Optional) Name of the DB option group to associate.
parameter_group_name - (Optional) Name of the DB parameter group to associate.
password - (Required unless a snapshot_identifier or replicate_source_db is provided) Password for the master DB user. Note that this may show up in logs, and it will be stored in the state file.
port - (Optional) The port on which the DB accepts connections.
publicly_accessible - (Optional) Bool to control if instance is publicly accessible. Default is false.
replicate_source_db - (Optional) Specifies that this resource is a Replicate database, and to use this value as the source database. This correlates to the identifier of another Amazon RDS Database to replicate. Note that if you are creating a cross-region replica of an encrypted database you will also need to specify a kms_key_id. See DB Instance Replication and Working with PostgreSQL and MySQL Read Replicas for more information on using Replication.
security_group_names - (Optional/Deprecated) List of DB Security Groups to associate. Only used for DB Instances on the EC2-Classic Platform.
skip_final_snapshot - (Optional) Determines whether a final DB snapshot is created before the DB instance is deleted. If true is specified, no DBSnapshot is created. If false is specified, a DB snapshot is created before the DB instance is deleted, using the value from final_snapshot_identifier. Default is false.
snapshot_identifier - (Optional) Specifies whether or not to create this database from a snapshot. This correlates to the snapshot ID you'd find in the RDS console, e.g: rds:production-2015-06-26-06-05.
storage_encrypted - (Optional) Specifies whether the DB instance is encrypted. Note that if you are creating a cross-region read replica this field is ignored and you should instead declare kms_key_id with a valid ARN. The default is false if not specified.
storage_type - (Optional) One of "standard" (magnetic), "gp2" (general purpose SSD), or "io1" (provisioned IOPS SSD). The default is "io1" if iops is specified, "standard" if not. Note that this behaviour is different from the AWS web console, where the default is "gp2".
tags - (Optional) A mapping of tags to assign to the resource.
timezone - (Optional) Time zone of the DB instance. timezone is currently only supported by Microsoft SQL Server. The timezone can only be set on creation. See MSSQL User Guide for more information.
username - (Required unless a snapshot_identifier or replicate_source_db is provided) Username for the master DB user.
vpc_security_group_ids - (Optional) List of VPC security groups to associate.
s3_import - (Optional) Restore from a Percona Xtrabackup in S3. See Importing Data into an Amazon RDS MySQL DB Instance

NOTE: Removing the replicate_source_db attribute from an existing RDS Replicate database managed by Terraform will promote the database to a fully standalone database.

» S3 Import Options

Full details on the core parameters and impacts are in the API Docs: RestoreDBInstanceFromS3. Sample

resource "aws_db_instance" "db" {
  s3_import {
    source_engine         = "mysql"
    source_engine_version = "5.6"
    bucket_name           = "mybucket"
    bucket_prefix         = "backups"
    ingestion_role        = "arn:aws:iam::1234567890:role/role-xtrabackup-rds-restore"
  }
}

bucket_name - (Required) The bucket name where your backup is stored
bucket_prefix - (Optional) Can be blank, but is the path to your backup
ingestion_role - (Required) Role applied to load the data.
source_engine - (Required, as of Feb 2018 only 'mysql' supported) Source engine for the backup
source_engine_version - (Required, as of Feb 2018 only '5.6' supported) Version of the source engine used to make the backup

This will not recreate the resource if the S3 object changes in some way. It's only used to initialize the database

» Timeouts

aws_db_instance provides the following Timeouts configuration options:

create - (Default 40 minutes) Used for Creating Instances, Replicas, and restoring from Snapshots.
update - (Default 80 minutes) Used for Database modifications.
delete - (Default 40 minutes) Used for destroying databases. This includes the time required to take snapshots.

» Attributes Reference

In addition to all arguments above, the following attributes are exported:

address - The hostname of the RDS instance. See also endpoint and port.
arn - The ARN of the RDS instance.
allocated_storage - The amount of allocated storage.
availability_zone - The availability zone of the instance.
backup_retention_period - The backup retention period.
backup_window - The backup window.
ca_cert_identifier - Specifies the identifier of the CA certificate for the DB instance.
domain - The ID of the Directory Service Active Directory domain the instance is joined to
domain_iam_role_name - The name of the IAM role to be used when making API calls to the Directory Service.
endpoint - The connection endpoint in address:port format.
engine - The database engine.
engine_version - The database engine version.
hosted_zone_id - The canonical hosted zone ID of the DB instance (to be used in a Route 53 Alias record).
id - The RDS instance ID.
instance_class- The RDS instance class.
maintenance_window - The instance maintenance window.
multi_az - If the RDS instance is multi AZ enabled.
name - The database name.
port - The database port.
resource_id - The RDS Resource ID of this instance.
status - The RDS instance status.
storage_encrypted - Specifies whether the DB instance is encrypted.
username - The master username for the database.

On Oracle instances the following is exported additionally:

character_set_name - The character set used on Oracle instances.

» Import

DB Instances can be imported using the identifier, e.g.

$ terraform import aws_db_instance.default mydb-rds-instance