Registering Custom Post Types

WordPress comes with five default post types: post, page, attachment, revision, menu.

While developing your plugin, you may need to create your own specific content type: for example, products for an e-commerce website, assignments for an e-learning website, or movies for a review website.

Using Custom Post Types, you can register your own post type. Once a post type is registered, it gets a new top-level administrative screen that can be used to manage and create posts of that type.

To register a new post type, you use the register_post_type() function.

Alert:
We recommend that you put custom post types in a plugin rather than a theme. This ensures that user content remains portable even if they change their theme.

The following example registers a new post type, Products, which is identified in the database as wporg_product.

function wporg_custom_post_type()
{
    register_post_type('wporg_product',
                       array(
                           'labels'      => array(
                               'name'          => __('Products'),
                               'singular_name' => __('Product'),
                           ),
                           'public'      => true,
                           'has_archive' => true,
                       )
    );
}
add_action('init', 'wporg_custom_post_type');

Please visit the reference page of register_post_type() for the description of arguments.

Warning:
You must call register_post_type() before the admin_init and after the after_setup_theme action hooks. A good hook to use is the init action hook.

Naming Best Practices Naming Best Practices

It is important that you prefix your post type functions and identifiers with a short prefix that corresponds to your plugin, theme, or website.

Warning:
To ensure forward compatibility, do not use wp_ as your identifier — it is being used by WordPress core.

Make sure your custom post type identifier does not exceed 20 characters as the post_type column in the database is currently a VARCHAR field of that length.

If your identifier is too generic — for example: product. It may conflict with other plugins or themes.

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URLs URLs

A custom post type gets its own slugs within the site URL structure.

A post of type wporg_product will use the following URL structure: http://example.com/wporg_product/%product_name%.

wporg_product is the slug of your custom post type and %product_name% is the slug of your particular product.

The final permalink would be: http://example.com/wporg_product/wporg-is-awesome.

You can see the permalink on the edit screen for your custom post type, just like with default post types.

A Custom Slug for a Custom Post Type A Custom Slug for a Custom Post Type

To set a custom slug for the slug of your custom post type all you need to do is add a key => value pair to the rewrite key in the register_post_type() arguments array.

Example:

function wporg_custom_post_type()
{
    register_post_type('wporg_product',
                       array(
                           'labels'      => array(
                               'name'          => __('Products'),
                               'singular_name' => __('Product'),
                           ),
                           'public'      => true,
                           'has_archive' => true,
                           'rewrite'     => array( 'slug' => 'products' ), // my custom slug
                       )
    );
}
add_action('init', 'wporg_custom_post_type');

The above will result in the following URL structure: http://example.com/products/%product_name%

Warning:
Using a generic slug like products can potentially conflict with other plugins or themes.

Note:
Unlike the custom post type identifiers, the duplicate slug problem can be solved easily by changing the slug for one of the conflicting post types.

If the plugin author was smart enough to include an apply_filters() call on the arguments, this can be done programmatically by overriding the arguments submitted via the register_post_type() function.

Solving duplicate post type identifiers is not possible without disabling one of the conflicting post types.