DENY Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

**APPLIES TO:** SQL Server (starting with 2008) Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Data Warehouse Parallel Data Warehouse

Denies permissions on a server.

Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

DENY permission [ ,...n ]   
    TO <grantee_principal> [ ,...n ]  
    [ CASCADE ]  
    [ AS <grantor_principal> ]   
  
<grantee_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login   
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key  
    | server_role  
  
<grantor_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login   
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate  
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key  
    | server_role  

Arguments

permission
Specifies a permission that can be denied on a server. For a list of the permissions, see the Remarks section later in this topic.

CASCADE
Indicates that the permission being denied is also denied to other principals to which it has been granted by this principal.

TO <server_principal>
Specifies the principal to which the permission is denied.

AS <grantor_principal>
Specifies the principal from which the principal executing this query derives its right to deny the permission.

SQL_Server_login
Specifies a SQL Server login.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows login.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows group.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a certificate.

SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key
Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to an asymmetric key.

server_role
Specifies a server role.

Remarks

Permissions at the server scope can be denied only when the current database is master.

Information about server permissions can be viewed in the sys.server_permissions catalog view, and information about server principals can be viewed in the sys.server_principals catalog view. Information about membership of server roles can be viewed in the sys.server_role_members catalog view.

A server is the highest level of the permissions hierarchy. The most specific and limited permissions that can be denies on a server are listed in the following table.

Remarks

The following three server permissions were added in SQL Server 2014 (12.x)

CONNECT ANY DATABASE Permission
Grant CONNECT ANY DATABASE to a login that must connect to all databases that currently exist and to any new databases that might be created in future. Does not grant any permission in any database beyond connect. Combine with SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES or VIEW SERVER STATE to allow an auditing process to view all data or all database states on the instance of SQL Server

IMPERSONATE ANY LOGIN Permission
When granted, allows a middle-tier process to impersonate the account of clients connecting to it, as it connects to databases. When denied, a high privileged login can be blocked from impersonating other logins. For example, a login with CONTROL SERVER permission can be blocked from impersonating other logins.

SELECT ALL USER SECURABLES Permission
When granted, a login such as an auditor can view data in all databases that the user can connect to. When denied, prevents access to objects unless they are in the sys schema.

Permissions

Requires CONTROL SERVER permission or ownership of the securable. If you use the AS clause, the specified principal must own the securable on which permissions are being denied.

Examples

A. Denying CONNECT SQL permission to a SQL Server login and principals to which the login has regranted it

The following example denies CONNECT SQL permission to the SQL Server login Annika and to the principals to which she has granted the permission.

USE master;  
DENY CONNECT SQL TO Annika CASCADE;  
GO  

B. Denying CREATE ENDPOINT permission to a SQL Server login using the AS option

The following example denies CREATE ENDPOINT permission to the user ArifS. The example uses the AS option to specify MandarP as the principal from which the executing principal derives the authority to do so.

USE master;  
DENY CREATE ENDPOINT TO ArifS AS MandarP;  
GO  

See Also

GRANT (Transact-SQL)
DENY (Transact-SQL)
DENY Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)
REVOKE Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)
Permissions Hierarchy (Database Engine)
sys.fn_builtin_permissions (Transact-SQL)
sys.fn_my_permissions (Transact-SQL)
HAS_PERMS_BY_NAME (Transact-SQL)