std::collate

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

 

Localizations library

Locales and facets
locale
use_facet	has_facet
Character classification
isspace isblank (C++11) iscntrl isupper islower isalpha	isdigit ispunct isxdigit isalnum isprint isgraph
Conversions
toupper tolower	wstring_convert (C++11) wbuffer_convert (C++11)
Facet category base classes
ctype_base codecvt_base messages_base	time_base money_base
Facet categories
ctype ctype<char> codecvt collate messages time_get time_put	num_get num_put numpunct money_get money_put moneypunct
Locale-specific facets
ctype_byname codecvt_byname messages_byname collate_byname	time_get_byname time_put_byname numpunct_byname moneypunct_byname
Code conversion facets
codecvt_utf8 (C++11) codecvt_utf16 (C++11)	codecvt_utf8_utf16 (C++11) codecvt_mode (C++11)
C locale
setlocale localeconv lconv	LC_ALLLC_COLLATELC_CTYPELC_MONETARYLC_NUMERICLC_TIME

 

std::collate

Member functions

collate::collate

collate::~collate

collate::comparecollate::do_compare

collate::transformcollate::do_transform

collate::hashcollate::do_hash

 

Defined in header <locale>
template< class CharT > class collate;

Class std::collate encapsulates locale-specific collation (comparison) and hashing of strings. This facet is used by std::basic_regex and can be applied, by means of std::locale::operator(), directly to all standard algorithms that expect a string comparison predicate.

Inheritance diagram

Two standalone (locale-independent) specializations are provided by the standard library:

Defined in header <locale>
std::collate<char>	implements lexicographical ordering of byte strings
std::collate<wchar_t>	implements lexicographical ordering of wide strings

In addition, every locale object constructed in a C++ program implements its own (locale-specific) versions of these specializations.

Member types

Member type	Definition
char_type	CharT
string_type	std::basic_string<CharT>

Member functions

(constructor)	constructs a new collate facet (public member function)
(destructor)	destructs a collate facet (protected member function)
compare	invokes do_compare (public member function)
transform	invokes do_transform (public member function)
hash	invokes do_hash (public member function)

Member objects

static std::locale::id id	id of the locale (public member object)

Protected member functions

do_compare [virtual]	compares two strings using this facet's collation rules (virtual protected member function)
do_transform [virtual]	transforms a string so that collation can be replaced by comparison (virtual protected member function)
do_hash [virtual]	generates an integer hash value using this facet's collation rules (virtual protected member function)

Example

Run this code

#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
 
int main()
{
    std::wcout.imbue(std::locale(""));
    std::vector<std::wstring> v = {L"ar", L"zebra", L"\u00f6grupp", L"Zebra", L"\u00e4ngel",
                                   L"\u00e5r", L"f\u00f6rnamn"};
 
    std::wcout << "Default locale collation order: ";
    std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());
    for (auto s : v) std::wcout << s << ' '; std::wcout << '\n';
 
    std::wcout << "English locale collation order: ";
    std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));
    for (auto s : v) std::wcout << s << ' '; std::wcout << '\n';
 
    std::wcout << "Swedish locale collation order: ";
    std::sort(v.begin(), v.end(), std::locale("sv_SE.UTF-8"));
    for (auto s : v) std::wcout << s << ' '; std::wcout << '\n';
}

Output:

Default locale collation order: Zebra ar förnamn zebra ängel år ögrupp
English locale collation order: ängel ar år förnamn ögrupp zebra Zebra
Swedish locale collation order: ar förnamn zebra Zebra år ängel ögrupp

See also

operator()	lexicographically compares two strings using this locale's collate facet (public member function of std::locale)
collate_byname	creates a collate facet for the named locale (class template)