std::experimental::sample

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

 

Technical specifications

Filesystem library (filesystem TS)

Library fundamentals (library fundamentals TS)

Library fundamentals 2 (library fundamentals 2 TS)

Extensions for parallelism (parallelism TS)

Concepts (concepts TS)

Extensions for concurrency (concurrency TS)

Special mathematical functions (special math TR)

 

Library fundamentals

experimental::optional

experimental::any

experimental::basic_string_view

experimental::sample

experimental::shared_ptr

experimental::weak_ptr

experimental::apply

experimental::invocation_type experimental::raw_invocation_type

experimental::search

experimental::default_searcher experimental::make_default_searcher

experimental::boyer_moore_searcher experimental::make_boyer_moore_searcher

experimental::boyer_moore_horspool_searcher experimental::make_boyer_moore_horspool_searcher

type-erased and polymorphic allocators

variable templates for type traits

 

Defined in header <experimental/algorithm>
template< class PopulationIterator, class SampleIterator,           class Distance, class UniformRandomNumberGenerator > SampleIterator sample( PopulationIterator first, PopulationIterator last,                        SampleIterator out, Distance n,                        UniformRandomNumberGenerator&& g);	(1)	(library fundamentals TS)
template< class PopulationIterator, class SampleIterator, class Distance > SampleIterator sample( PopulationIterator first, PopulationIterator last,                        SampleIterator out, Distance n);	(2)	(library fundamentals TS v2)

Selects n elements from the sequence [first; last) such that each possible sample has equal probability of appearance, and writes those selected elements into the output iterator out

If n is greater than the number of elements in the sequence, selects last-first elements.

The algorithm is stable only if PopulationIterator meets the requirements of ForwardIterator

1) Random numbers are generated using the random number generator g.

2) Random numbers are generated using the per-thread engine.

Parameters

first, last	-	pair of iterators forming the range from which to make the sampling (the population)
out	-	the output iterator where the samples are written. Must not be in the [first;last) range
n	-	number of samples to make
g	-	the random number generator used as the source of randomness
- PopulationIterator must meet the requirements of InputIterator.
- SampleIterator must meet the requirements of OutputIterator.
- SampleIterator must also meet the requirements of RandomAccessIterator if PopulationIterator doesn't meet ForwardIterator
- PopulationIterator's value type must be writeable to out
- Distance must be an integer type
- UniformRandomNumberGenerator must meet the requirements of UniformRandomNumberGenerator and its return type must be convertible to Distance

Return value

Returns a copy of out after the last sample that was output, that is, end of the sample range.

Complexity

Linear in std::distance(first,last)

Notes

This function may implement selection sampling or reservoir sampling.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <iterator>
#include <experimental/algorithm>
 
int main()
{
    std::string in = "abcdefgh", out;
    std::experimental::sample(in.begin(), in.end(), std::back_inserter(out),
                              5, std::mt19937{std::random_device{}()});
    std::cout << "five random letters out of " << in << " : " << out << '\n';
}

Possible output:

five random letters out of abcdefgh : cdefg

See also

random_shuffleshuffle (until C++17)(C++11)	randomly re-orders elements in a range (function template)