grid-template

Summary

The grid-template CSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, rows and areas.

Authors can set values for the longhand properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-template-areas.

Syntax

/* Keyword value */
grid-template: none;

/* <track-list> values */
grid-template: 100px 1fr;
grid-template: [linename] 100px;
grid-template: [linename1] 100px [linename2 linename3];

/* <auto-track-list> values */
grid-template: 200px repeat(auto-fill, 100px) 300px;
grid-template: minmax(100px, max-content)
                       repeat(auto-fill, 200px) 20%;
grid-template: [linename1] 100px [linename2]
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename3 linename4] 300px)
                       100px;
grid-template: [linename1 linename2] 100px
                       repeat(auto-fit, [linename1] 300px) [linename3];

/* Subgrid values */
grid-template: subgrid;
grid-template: subgrid [linename1];
grid-template: subgrid repeat(4, [linename1]);
grid-template: subgrid repeat(4, [linename1 linename2]);
grid-template: subgrid repeat(auto-fill, [linename1]);

/* Global values */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

Values

none

Is a keyword that sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.

subgrid

Is a keyword setting grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to subgrid, and grid-template-areas to its initial value. It indicates that the grid will align to its parent grid in both axes. Rather than specifying the sizes of rows and columns explicitly, they’ll be taken from the parent grid’s definition.

<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>

Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.

[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <track-list> ]?

Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

Formal syntax

none | subgrid | [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ] | [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <track-list> ]?
where 
<line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <track-breadth> , <track-breadth> )
<track-list> = [ <line-names>? [ <track-size> | <track-repeat> ] ]+ <line-names>?
where 
<track-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto
<line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <track-breadth> , <track-breadth> )
where 
<track-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto

Examples

CSS

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

Result

Specifications

Browser compatibility

[1] Implemented behind the experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags.

[2] Implemented behind the preference layout.css.grid.enabled, defaulting to false.

[3] Internet Explorer and Edge implement an older version of the specification, which didn't define this shorthand property.

See also

• Related CSS properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-areas, grid-template