This functionality is experimental and may be changed or removed completely in a future release. Elastic will take a best effort approach to fix any issues, but experimental features are not subject to the support SLA of official GA features.
Finds the structure of a text file. The text file must contain data that is suitable to be ingested into Elasticsearch.
This API provides a starting point for ingesting data into Elasticsearch in a format that is suitable for subsequent use with other machine learning functionality.
Unlike other Elasticsearch endpoints, the data that is posted to this endpoint does not need to be UTF-8 encoded and in JSON format. It must, however, be text; binary file formats are not currently supported.
The response from the API contains:
- A couple of messages from the beginning of the file.
- Statistics that reveal the most common values for all fields detected within the file and basic numeric statistics for numeric fields.
- Information about the structure of the file, which is useful when you write ingest configurations to index the file contents.
- Appropriate mappings for an Elasticsearch index, which you could use to ingest the file contents.
All this information can be calculated by the structure finder with no guidance. However, you can optionally override some of the decisions about the file structure by specifying one or more query parameters.
Details of the output can be seen in the examples.
If the structure finder produces unexpected results for a particular file,
specify the explain query parameter. It causes an explanation to appear in
the response, which should help in determining why the returned structure was
chosen.
-
charset -
(string) The file’s character set. It must be a character set that is supported
by the JVM that Elasticsearch uses. For example,
UTF-8,UTF-16LE,windows-1252, orEUC-JP. If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder chooses an appropriate character set. -
column_names -
(string) If you have set
formattodelimited, you can specify the column names in a comma-separated list. If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder uses the column names from the header row of the file. If the file does not have a header role, columns are named "column1", "column2", "column3", etc. -
delimiter -
(string) If you have set
formattodelimited, you can specify the character used to delimit the values in each row. Only a single character is supported; the delimiter cannot have multiple characters. If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder considers the following possibilities: comma, tab, semi-colon, and pipe (|). -
explain -
(boolean) If this parameter is set to
true, the response includes a field namedexplanation, which is an array of strings that indicate how the structure finder produced its result. The default value isfalse. -
format -
(string) The high level structure of the file. Valid values are
ndjson,xml,delimited, andsemi_structured_text. If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder chooses one. -
grok_pattern -
(string) If you have set
formattosemi_structured_text, you can specify a Grok pattern that is used to extract fields from every message in the file. The name of the timestamp field in the Grok pattern must match what is specified in thetimestamp_fieldparameter. If that parameter is not specified, the name of the timestamp field in the Grok pattern must match "timestamp". Ifgrok_patternis not specified, the structure finder creates a Grok pattern. -
has_header_row -
(boolean) If you have set
formattodelimited, you can use this parameter to indicate whether the column names are in the first row of the file. If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder guesses based on the similarity of the first row of the file to other rows. -
lines_to_sample (unsigned integer) The number of lines to include in the structural analysis, starting from the beginning of the file. The minimum is 2; the default is 1000. If the value of this parameter is greater than the number of lines in the file, the analysis proceeds (as long as there are at least two lines in the file) for all of the lines.
The number of lines and the variation of the lines affects the speed of the analysis. For example, if you upload a log file where the first 1000 lines are all variations on the same message, the analysis will find more commonality than would be seen with a bigger sample. If possible, however, it is more efficient to upload a sample file with more variety in the first 1000 lines than to request analysis of 100000 lines to achieve some variety.
-
quote -
(string) If you have set
formattodelimited, you can specify the character used to quote the values in each row if they contain newlines or the delimiter character. Only a single character is supported. If this parameter is not specified, the default value is a double quote ("). If your delimited file format does not use quoting, a workaround is to set this argument to a character that does not appear anywhere in the sample. -
should_trim_fields -
(boolean) If you have set
formattodelimited, you can specify whether values between delimiters should have whitespace trimmed from them. If this parameter is not specified and the delimiter is pipe (|), the default value istrue. Otherwise, the default value isfalse. -
timeout - (time) Sets the maximum amount of time that the structure analysis make take. If the analysis is still running when the timeout expires then it will be aborted. The default value is 25 seconds.
-
timestamp_field (string) The name of the field that contains the primary timestamp of each record in the file. In particular, if the file were ingested into an index, this is the field that would be used to populate the
@timestampfield.If the
formatissemi_structured_text, this field must match the name of the appropriate extraction in thegrok_pattern. Therefore, for semi-structured file formats, it is best not to specify this parameter unlessgrok_patternis also specified.For structured file formats, if you specify this parameter, the field must exist within the file.
If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder makes a decision about which field (if any) is the primary timestamp field. For structured file formats, it is not compulsory to have a timestamp in the file.
-
timestamp_format (string) The time format of the timestamp field in the file.
Currently there is a limitation that this format must be one that the structure finder might choose by itself. The reason for this restriction is that to consistently set all the fields in the response the structure finder needs a corresponding Grok pattern name and simple regular expression for each timestamp format. Therefore, there is little value in specifying this parameter for structured file formats. If you know which field contains your primary timestamp, it is as good and less error-prone to just specify
timestamp_field.The valuable use case for this parameter is when the format is semi-structured text, there are multiple timestamp formats in the file, and you know which format corresponds to the primary timestamp, but you do not want to specify the full
grok_pattern.If this parameter is not specified, the structure finder chooses the best format from the formats it knows, which are these Java time formats:
-
dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss XX -
EEE MMM dd HH:mm zzz yyyy -
EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss yyyy -
EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss zzz yyyy -
EEE MMM dd yyyy HH:mm zzz -
EEE MMM dd yyyy HH:mm:ss zzz -
EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm XX -
EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm XXX -
EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss XX -
EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss XXX -
ISO8601 -
MMM d HH:mm:ss -
MMM d HH:mm:ss,SSS -
MMM d yyyy HH:mm:ss -
MMM dd HH:mm:ss -
MMM dd HH:mm:ss,SSS -
MMM dd yyyy HH:mm:ss -
MMM dd, yyyy h:mm:ss a -
TAI64N -
UNIX -
UNIX_MS -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS XX -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSSXX -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSSXXX -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ssXX -
yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ssXXX -
yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSS -
yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSSXX -
yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSSXXX -
yyyyMMddHHmmss
-
The text file that you want to analyze. It must contain data that is suitable to be ingested into Elasticsearch. It does not need to be in JSON format and it does not need to be UTF-8 encoded. The size is limited to the Elasticsearch HTTP receive buffer size, which defaults to 100 Mb.
You must have monitor_ml, or monitor cluster privileges to use this API.
For more information, see Security Privileges.
Suppose you have a newline-delimited JSON file that contains information about
some books. You can send the contents to the find_file_structure endpoint:
POST _ml/find_file_structure
{"name": "Leviathan Wakes", "author": "James S.A. Corey", "release_date": "2011-06-02", "page_count": 561}
{"name": "Hyperion", "author": "Dan Simmons", "release_date": "1989-05-26", "page_count": 482}
{"name": "Dune", "author": "Frank Herbert", "release_date": "1965-06-01", "page_count": 604}
{"name": "Dune Messiah", "author": "Frank Herbert", "release_date": "1969-10-15", "page_count": 331}
{"name": "Children of Dune", "author": "Frank Herbert", "release_date": "1976-04-21", "page_count": 408}
{"name": "God Emperor of Dune", "author": "Frank Herbert", "release_date": "1981-05-28", "page_count": 454}
{"name": "Consider Phlebas", "author": "Iain M. Banks", "release_date": "1987-04-23", "page_count": 471}
{"name": "Pandora's Star", "author": "Peter F. Hamilton", "release_date": "2004-03-02", "page_count": 768}
{"name": "Revelation Space", "author": "Alastair Reynolds", "release_date": "2000-03-15", "page_count": 585}
{"name": "A Fire Upon the Deep", "author": "Vernor Vinge", "release_date": "1992-06-01", "page_count": 613}
{"name": "Ender's Game", "author": "Orson Scott Card", "release_date": "1985-06-01", "page_count": 324}
{"name": "1984", "author": "George Orwell", "release_date": "1985-06-01", "page_count": 328}
{"name": "Fahrenheit 451", "author": "Ray Bradbury", "release_date": "1953-10-15", "page_count": 227}
{"name": "Brave New World", "author": "Aldous Huxley", "release_date": "1932-06-01", "page_count": 268}
{"name": "Foundation", "author": "Isaac Asimov", "release_date": "1951-06-01", "page_count": 224}
{"name": "The Giver", "author": "Lois Lowry", "release_date": "1993-04-26", "page_count": 208}
{"name": "Slaughterhouse-Five", "author": "Kurt Vonnegut", "release_date": "1969-06-01", "page_count": 275}
{"name": "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy", "author": "Douglas Adams", "release_date": "1979-10-12", "page_count": 180}
{"name": "Snow Crash", "author": "Neal Stephenson", "release_date": "1992-06-01", "page_count": 470}
{"name": "Neuromancer", "author": "William Gibson", "release_date": "1984-07-01", "page_count": 271}
{"name": "The Handmaid's Tale", "author": "Margaret Atwood", "release_date": "1985-06-01", "page_count": 311}
{"name": "Starship Troopers", "author": "Robert A. Heinlein", "release_date": "1959-12-01", "page_count": 335}
{"name": "The Left Hand of Darkness", "author": "Ursula K. Le Guin", "release_date": "1969-06-01", "page_count": 304}
{"name": "The Moon is a Harsh Mistress", "author": "Robert A. Heinlein", "release_date": "1966-04-01", "page_count": 288}If the request does not encounter errors, you receive the following result:
{
"num_lines_analyzed" : 24, 
"num_messages_analyzed" : 24, 
"sample_start" : "{\"name\": \"Leviathan Wakes\", \"author\": \"James S.A. Corey\", \"release_date\": \"2011-06-02\", \"page_count\": 561}\n{\"name\": \"Hyperion\", \"author\": \"Dan Simmons\", \"release_date\": \"1989-05-26\", \"page_count\": 482}\n", 
"charset" : "UTF-8", 
"has_byte_order_marker" : false, 
"format" : "ndjson", 
"need_client_timezone" : false, 
"mappings" : { 
"author" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"name" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"page_count" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"release_date" : {
"type" : "keyword"
}
},
"field_stats" : { 
"author" : {
"count" : 24,
"cardinality" : 20,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "Frank Herbert",
"count" : 4
},
{
"value" : "Robert A. Heinlein",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "Alastair Reynolds",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Aldous Huxley",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Dan Simmons",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Douglas Adams",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "George Orwell",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Iain M. Banks",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Isaac Asimov",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "James S.A. Corey",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"name" : {
"count" : 24,
"cardinality" : 24,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "1984",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "A Fire Upon the Deep",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Brave New World",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Children of Dune",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Consider Phlebas",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Dune",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Dune Messiah",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Ender's Game",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Fahrenheit 451",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "Foundation",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"page_count" : {
"count" : 24,
"cardinality" : 24,
"min_value" : 180,
"max_value" : 768,
"mean_value" : 387.0833333333333,
"median_value" : 329.5,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 180,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 208,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 224,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 227,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 268,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 271,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 275,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 288,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 304,
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : 311,
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"release_date" : {
"count" : 24,
"cardinality" : 20,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "1985-06-01",
"count" : 3
},
{
"value" : "1969-06-01",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "1992-06-01",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "1932-06-01",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1951-06-01",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1953-10-15",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1959-12-01",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1965-06-01",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1966-04-01",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "1969-10-15",
"count" : 1
}
]
}
}
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For UTF character encodings, |
|
|
|
If a timestamp format is detected that does not include a timezone,
|
|
|
|
|
The next example shows how it’s possible to find the structure of some New York
City yellow cab trip data. The first curl command downloads the data, the
first 20000 lines of which are then piped into the find_file_structure
endpoint. The lines_to_sample query parameter of the endpoint is set to 20000
to match what is specified in the head command.
curl -s "s3.amazonaws.com/nyc-tlc/trip+data/yellow_tripdata_2018-06.csv" | head -20000 | curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/_ml/find_file_structure?pretty&lines_to_sample=20000" -T -
The Content-Type: application/json header must be set even though in
this case the data is not JSON. (Alternatively the Content-Type can be set
to any other supported by Elasticsearch, but it must be set.)
If the request does not encounter errors, you receive the following result:
{
"num_lines_analyzed" : 20000,
"num_messages_analyzed" : 19998,
"sample_start" : "VendorID,tpep_pickup_datetime,tpep_dropoff_datetime,passenger_count,trip_distance,RatecodeID,store_and_fwd_flag,PULocationID,DOLocationID,payment_type,fare_amount,extra,mta_tax,tip_amount,tolls_amount,improvement_surcharge,total_amount\n\n1,2018-06-01 00:15:40,2018-06-01 00:16:46,1,.00,1,N,145,145,2,3,0.5,0.5,0,0,0.3,4.3\n",
"charset" : "UTF-8",
"has_byte_order_marker" : false,
"format" : "delimited",
"multiline_start_pattern" : "^.*?,\"?\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2} \\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
"exclude_lines_pattern" : "^\"?VendorID\"?,\"?tpep_pickup_datetime\"?,\"?tpep_dropoff_datetime\"?,\"?passenger_count\"?,\"?trip_distance\"?,\"?RatecodeID\"?,\"?store_and_fwd_flag\"?,\"?PULocationID\"?,\"?DOLocationID\"?,\"?payment_type\"?,\"?fare_amount\"?,\"?extra\"?,\"?mta_tax\"?,\"?tip_amount\"?,\"?tolls_amount\"?,\"?improvement_surcharge\"?,\"?total_amount\"?",
"column_names" : [
"VendorID",
"tpep_pickup_datetime",
"tpep_dropoff_datetime",
"passenger_count",
"trip_distance",
"RatecodeID",
"store_and_fwd_flag",
"PULocationID",
"DOLocationID",
"payment_type",
"fare_amount",
"extra",
"mta_tax",
"tip_amount",
"tolls_amount",
"improvement_surcharge",
"total_amount"
],
"has_header_row" : true,
"delimiter" : ",",
"quote" : "\"",
"timestamp_field" : "tpep_pickup_datetime",
"joda_timestamp_formats" : [
"YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
],
"java_timestamp_formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
],
"need_client_timezone" : true, 
"mappings" : {
"@timestamp" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"DOLocationID" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"PULocationID" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"RatecodeID" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"VendorID" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"extra" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"fare_amount" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"improvement_surcharge" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"mta_tax" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"passenger_count" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"payment_type" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"store_and_fwd_flag" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"tip_amount" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"tolls_amount" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"total_amount" : {
"type" : "double"
},
"tpep_dropoff_datetime" : {
"type" : "date",
"format" : "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
},
"tpep_pickup_datetime" : {
"type" : "date",
"format" : "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
},
"trip_distance" : {
"type" : "double"
}
},
"ingest_pipeline" : {
"description" : "Ingest pipeline created by file structure finder",
"processors" : [
{
"date" : {
"field" : "tpep_pickup_datetime",
"timezone" : "{{ beat.timezone }}",
"formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
]
}
}
]
},
"field_stats" : {
"DOLocationID" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 240,
"min_value" : 1,
"max_value" : 265,
"mean_value" : 150.26532653265312,
"median_value" : 148,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 79,
"count" : 760
},
{
"value" : 48,
"count" : 683
},
{
"value" : 68,
"count" : 529
},
{
"value" : 170,
"count" : 506
},
{
"value" : 107,
"count" : 468
},
{
"value" : 249,
"count" : 457
},
{
"value" : 230,
"count" : 441
},
{
"value" : 186,
"count" : 432
},
{
"value" : 141,
"count" : 409
},
{
"value" : 263,
"count" : 386
}
]
},
"PULocationID" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 154,
"min_value" : 1,
"max_value" : 265,
"mean_value" : 153.4042404240424,
"median_value" : 148,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 79,
"count" : 1067
},
{
"value" : 230,
"count" : 949
},
{
"value" : 148,
"count" : 940
},
{
"value" : 132,
"count" : 897
},
{
"value" : 48,
"count" : 853
},
{
"value" : 161,
"count" : 820
},
{
"value" : 234,
"count" : 750
},
{
"value" : 249,
"count" : 722
},
{
"value" : 164,
"count" : 663
},
{
"value" : 114,
"count" : 646
}
]
},
"RatecodeID" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 5,
"min_value" : 1,
"max_value" : 5,
"mean_value" : 1.0656565656565653,
"median_value" : 1,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 19311
},
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 468
},
{
"value" : 5,
"count" : 195
},
{
"value" : 4,
"count" : 17
},
{
"value" : 3,
"count" : 7
}
]
},
"VendorID" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 2,
"min_value" : 1,
"max_value" : 2,
"mean_value" : 1.59005900590059,
"median_value" : 2,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 11800
},
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 8198
}
]
},
"extra" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 3,
"min_value" : -0.5,
"max_value" : 0.5,
"mean_value" : 0.4815981598159816,
"median_value" : 0.5,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0.5,
"count" : 19281
},
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 698
},
{
"value" : -0.5,
"count" : 19
}
]
},
"fare_amount" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 208,
"min_value" : -100,
"max_value" : 300,
"mean_value" : 13.937719771977209,
"median_value" : 9.5,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 6,
"count" : 1004
},
{
"value" : 6.5,
"count" : 935
},
{
"value" : 5.5,
"count" : 909
},
{
"value" : 7,
"count" : 903
},
{
"value" : 5,
"count" : 889
},
{
"value" : 7.5,
"count" : 854
},
{
"value" : 4.5,
"count" : 802
},
{
"value" : 8.5,
"count" : 790
},
{
"value" : 8,
"count" : 789
},
{
"value" : 9,
"count" : 711
}
]
},
"improvement_surcharge" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 3,
"min_value" : -0.3,
"max_value" : 0.3,
"mean_value" : 0.29915991599159913,
"median_value" : 0.3,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0.3,
"count" : 19964
},
{
"value" : -0.3,
"count" : 22
},
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 12
}
]
},
"mta_tax" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 3,
"min_value" : -0.5,
"max_value" : 0.5,
"mean_value" : 0.4962246224622462,
"median_value" : 0.5,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0.5,
"count" : 19868
},
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 109
},
{
"value" : -0.5,
"count" : 21
}
]
},
"passenger_count" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 7,
"min_value" : 0,
"max_value" : 6,
"mean_value" : 1.6201620162016201,
"median_value" : 1,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 14219
},
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 2886
},
{
"value" : 5,
"count" : 1047
},
{
"value" : 3,
"count" : 804
},
{
"value" : 6,
"count" : 523
},
{
"value" : 4,
"count" : 406
},
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 113
}
]
},
"payment_type" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 4,
"min_value" : 1,
"max_value" : 4,
"mean_value" : 1.315631563156316,
"median_value" : 1,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 13936
},
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 5857
},
{
"value" : 3,
"count" : 160
},
{
"value" : 4,
"count" : 45
}
]
},
"store_and_fwd_flag" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 2,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "N",
"count" : 19910
},
{
"value" : "Y",
"count" : 88
}
]
},
"tip_amount" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 717,
"min_value" : 0,
"max_value" : 128,
"mean_value" : 2.010959095909593,
"median_value" : 1.45,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 6917
},
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 1178
},
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 624
},
{
"value" : 3,
"count" : 248
},
{
"value" : 1.56,
"count" : 206
},
{
"value" : 1.46,
"count" : 205
},
{
"value" : 1.76,
"count" : 196
},
{
"value" : 1.45,
"count" : 195
},
{
"value" : 1.36,
"count" : 191
},
{
"value" : 1.5,
"count" : 187
}
]
},
"tolls_amount" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 26,
"min_value" : 0,
"max_value" : 35,
"mean_value" : 0.2729697969796978,
"median_value" : 0,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0,
"count" : 19107
},
{
"value" : 5.76,
"count" : 791
},
{
"value" : 10.5,
"count" : 36
},
{
"value" : 2.64,
"count" : 21
},
{
"value" : 11.52,
"count" : 8
},
{
"value" : 5.54,
"count" : 4
},
{
"value" : 8.5,
"count" : 4
},
{
"value" : 17.28,
"count" : 4
},
{
"value" : 2,
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : 2.16,
"count" : 2
}
]
},
"total_amount" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 1267,
"min_value" : -100.3,
"max_value" : 389.12,
"mean_value" : 17.499898989898995,
"median_value" : 12.35,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 7.3,
"count" : 478
},
{
"value" : 8.3,
"count" : 443
},
{
"value" : 8.8,
"count" : 420
},
{
"value" : 6.8,
"count" : 406
},
{
"value" : 7.8,
"count" : 405
},
{
"value" : 6.3,
"count" : 371
},
{
"value" : 9.8,
"count" : 368
},
{
"value" : 5.8,
"count" : 362
},
{
"value" : 9.3,
"count" : 332
},
{
"value" : 10.3,
"count" : 332
}
]
},
"tpep_dropoff_datetime" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 9066,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 01:12:12",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:32:15",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:44:27",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:46:42",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 01:03:22",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 01:05:13",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:11:20",
"count" : 8
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:16:03",
"count" : 8
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:19:47",
"count" : 8
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:25:17",
"count" : 8
}
]
},
"tpep_pickup_datetime" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 8760,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:01:23",
"count" : 12
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:04:31",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:05:38",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:09:50",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:12:01",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:14:17",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:00:34",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:00:40",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:02:53",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-06-01 00:05:40",
"count" : 9
}
]
},
"trip_distance" : {
"count" : 19998,
"cardinality" : 1687,
"min_value" : 0,
"max_value" : 64.63,
"mean_value" : 3.6521062106210715,
"median_value" : 2.16,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : 0.9,
"count" : 335
},
{
"value" : 0.8,
"count" : 320
},
{
"value" : 1.1,
"count" : 316
},
{
"value" : 0.7,
"count" : 304
},
{
"value" : 1.2,
"count" : 303
},
{
"value" : 1,
"count" : 296
},
{
"value" : 1.3,
"count" : 280
},
{
"value" : 1.5,
"count" : 268
},
{
"value" : 1.6,
"count" : 268
},
{
"value" : 0.6,
"count" : 256
}
]
}
}
}
|
|
|
Unlike the first example, in this case the |
|
Because the |
|
|
|
The |
|
The |
|
The |
|
|
|
|
|
The timestamp format in this sample doesn’t specify a timezone, so to
accurately convert them to UTC timestamps to store in Elasticsearch it’s
necessary to supply the timezone they relate to. |
If you try to analyze a lot of data then the analysis will take a long time.
If you want to limit the amount of processing your Elasticsearch cluster performs for
a request, use the timeout query parameter. The analysis will be aborted and
an error returned when the timeout expires. For example, you can replace 20000
lines in the previous example with 200000 and set a 1 second timeout on the
analysis:
curl -s "s3.amazonaws.com/nyc-tlc/trip+data/yellow_tripdata_2018-06.csv" | head -200000 | curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/_ml/find_file_structure?pretty&lines_to_sample=200000&timeout=1s" -T -
Unless you are using an incredibly fast computer you’ll receive a timeout error:
{
"error" : {
"root_cause" : [
{
"type" : "timeout_exception",
"reason" : "Aborting structure analysis during [delimited record parsing] as it has taken longer than the timeout of [1s]"
}
],
"type" : "timeout_exception",
"reason" : "Aborting structure analysis during [delimited record parsing] as it has taken longer than the timeout of [1s]"
},
"status" : 500
}If you try the example above yourself you will note that the overall
running time of the curl commands is considerably longer than 1 second. This
is because it takes a while to download 200000 lines of CSV from the internet,
and the timeout is measured from the time this endpoint starts to process the
data.
This is an example of analyzing Elasticsearch’s own log file:
curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/_ml/find_file_structure?pretty" -T "$ES_HOME/logs/elasticsearch.log"
If the request does not encounter errors, the result will look something like this:
{
"num_lines_analyzed" : 53,
"num_messages_analyzed" : 53,
"sample_start" : "[2018-09-27T14:39:28,518][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-0] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (/dev/disk1)]], net usable_space [165.4gb], net total_space [464.7gb], types [hfs]\n[2018-09-27T14:39:28,521][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-0] heap size [494.9mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]\n",
"charset" : "UTF-8",
"has_byte_order_marker" : false,
"format" : "semi_structured_text",
"multiline_start_pattern" : "^\\[\\b\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}T\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2},\\d{3}",
"grok_pattern" : "\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel}.*",
"timestamp_field" : "timestamp",
"joda_timestamp_formats" : [
"ISO8601"
],
"java_timestamp_formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSS"
],
"need_client_timezone" : true,
"mappings" : {
"@timestamp" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"loglevel" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"message" : {
"type" : "text"
}
},
"ingest_pipeline" : {
"description" : "Ingest pipeline created by file structure finder",
"processors" : [
{
"grok" : {
"field" : "message",
"patterns" : [
"\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel}.*"
]
}
},
{
"date" : {
"field" : "timestamp",
"timezone" : "{{ beat.timezone }}",
"formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSS"
]
}
},
{
"remove" : {
"field" : "timestamp"
}
}
]
},
"field_stats" : {
"loglevel" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 3,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "INFO",
"count" : 51
},
{
"value" : "DEBUG",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "WARN",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"timestamp" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 28,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,859",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,860",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,858",
"count" : 6
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,523",
"count" : 3
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:34,234",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,518",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,521",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,522",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,861",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:32,786",
"count" : 1
}
]
}
}
}
|
This time the |
|
The |
|
A very simple |
If you recognize more fields than the simple grok_pattern produced by the
structure finder unaided then you can resubmit the request specifying a more
advanced grok_pattern as a query parameter and the structure finder will
calculate field_stats for your additional fields.
In the case of the Elasticsearch log a more complete Grok pattern is
\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}]\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel} *]\[%{JAVACLASS:class} *] \[%{HOSTNAME:node}] %{JAVALOGMESSAGE:message}.
You can analyze the same log file again, submitting this grok_pattern as a
query parameter (appropriately URL escaped):
curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/_ml/find_file_structure?pretty&format=semi_structured_text&grok_pattern=%5C%5B%25%7BTIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp%7D%5C%5D%5C%5B%25%7BLOGLEVEL:loglevel%7D%20*%5C%5D%5C%5B%25%7BJAVACLASS:class%7D%20*%5C%5D%20%5C%5B%25%7BHOSTNAME:node%7D%5C%5D%20%25%7BJAVALOGMESSAGE:message%7D" -T "$ES_HOME/logs/elasticsearch.log"
If the request does not encounter errors, the result will look something like this:
{
"num_lines_analyzed" : 53,
"num_messages_analyzed" : 53,
"sample_start" : "[2018-09-27T14:39:28,518][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-0] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (/dev/disk1)]], net usable_space [165.4gb], net total_space [464.7gb], types [hfs]\n[2018-09-27T14:39:28,521][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-0] heap size [494.9mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]\n",
"charset" : "UTF-8",
"has_byte_order_marker" : false,
"format" : "semi_structured_text",
"multiline_start_pattern" : "^\\[\\b\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}T\\d{2}:\\d{2}:\\d{2},\\d{3}",
"grok_pattern" : "\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel} *\\]\\[%{JAVACLASS:class} *\\] \\[%{HOSTNAME:node}\\] %{JAVALOGMESSAGE:message}",
"timestamp_field" : "timestamp",
"joda_timestamp_formats" : [
"ISO8601"
],
"java_timestamp_formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSS"
],
"need_client_timezone" : true,
"mappings" : {
"@timestamp" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"class" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"loglevel" : {
"type" : "keyword"
},
"message" : {
"type" : "text"
},
"node" : {
"type" : "keyword"
}
},
"ingest_pipeline" : {
"description" : "Ingest pipeline created by file structure finder",
"processors" : [
{
"grok" : {
"field" : "message",
"patterns" : [
"\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel} *\\]\\[%{JAVACLASS:class} *\\] \\[%{HOSTNAME:node}\\] %{JAVALOGMESSAGE:message}"
]
}
},
{
"date" : {
"field" : "timestamp",
"timezone" : "{{ beat.timezone }}",
"formats" : [
"yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss,SSS"
]
}
},
{
"remove" : {
"field" : "timestamp"
}
}
]
},
"field_stats" : {
"class" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 14,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "o.e.p.PluginsService",
"count" : 26
},
{
"value" : "o.e.c.m.MetaDataIndexTemplateService",
"count" : 8
},
{
"value" : "o.e.n.Node",
"count" : 7
},
{
"value" : "o.e.e.NodeEnvironment",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "o.e.a.ActionModule",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "o.e.c.s.ClusterApplierService",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "o.e.c.s.MasterService",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "o.e.d.DiscoveryModule",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "o.e.g.GatewayService",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "o.e.l.LicenseService",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"loglevel" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 3,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "INFO",
"count" : 51
},
{
"value" : "DEBUG",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "WARN",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"message" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 53,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "Using REST wrapper from plugin org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.Security",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.monitoring-alerts] for index patterns [.monitoring-alerts-6]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.monitoring-beats] for index patterns [.monitoring-beats-6-*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.monitoring-es] for index patterns [.monitoring-es-6-*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.monitoring-kibana] for index patterns [.monitoring-kibana-6-*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.monitoring-logstash] for index patterns [.monitoring-logstash-6-*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.triggered_watches] for index patterns [.triggered_watches*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.watch-history-9] for index patterns [.watcher-history-9*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "adding template [.watches] for index patterns [.watches*]",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "starting ...",
"count" : 1
}
]
},
"node" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 1,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "node-0",
"count" : 53
}
]
},
"timestamp" : {
"count" : 53,
"cardinality" : 28,
"top_hits" : [
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,859",
"count" : 10
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,860",
"count" : 9
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,858",
"count" : 6
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,523",
"count" : 3
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:34,234",
"count" : 2
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,518",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,521",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:28,522",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:29,861",
"count" : 1
},
{
"value" : "2018-09-27T14:39:32,786",
"count" : 1
}
]
}
}
}
|
The |
|
The returned |
The URL escaping is hard, so if you are working interactively it is best to use the machine learning UI!