http
--- HTTP 模块¶
源代码: Lib/http/__init__.py
http
是一个包,它收集了多个用于处理超文本传输协议的模块:
http.client
是一个低层级的 HTTP 协议客户端;对于高层级的 URL 访问请使用urllib.request
http.server
包含基于socketserver
的基本 HTTP 服务类http.cookies
包含一些有用来实现通过 cookies 进行状态管理的工具http.cookiejar
提供了 cookies 的持久化
http
也是一个通过 http.HTTPStatus
枚举定义了一些 HTTP 状态码以及相关联消息的模块
-
class
http.
HTTPStatus
¶ 3.5 新版功能.
enum.IntEnum
的子类,它定义了组 HTTP 状态码,原理短语以及用英语书写的长描述文本。用法:
>>> from http import HTTPStatus >>> HTTPStatus.OK <HTTPStatus.OK: 200> >>> HTTPStatus.OK == 200 True >>> http.HTTPStatus.OK.value 200 >>> HTTPStatus.OK.phrase 'OK' >>> HTTPStatus.OK.description 'Request fulfilled, document follows' >>> list(HTTPStatus) [<HTTPStatus.CONTINUE: 100>, <HTTPStatus.SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: 101>, ...]
HTTP 状态码¶
已支持并且已在 http.HTTPStatus
IANA 注册 的状态码有:
状态码 |
映射名 |
详情 |
---|---|---|
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.2.2 |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 2518, Section 10.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.2 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.3 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.5 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.3.6 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7233, Section 4.1 |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.1 |
|
|
WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.1 (Experimental) |
|
|
Delta Encoding in HTTP RFC 3229, Section 10.4.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.2 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.3 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.5 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.4.7 |
|
|
Permanent Redirect RFC 7238, Section 3 (Experimental) |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.2 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.3 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.5 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.6 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 Authentication RFC 7235, Section 3.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.7 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.8 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.9 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.10 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7232, Section 4.2 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.11 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.12 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.13 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 Range Requests RFC 7233, Section 4.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.14 |
|
|
HTTP/2 RFC 7540, Section 9.1.2 |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.2 |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.3 |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.5.15 |
|
|
Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 |
|
|
Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 |
|
|
Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585 |
|
|
HTTP 状态码用于报告法律障碍 RFC 7725 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.1 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.2 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.3 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.4 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.5 |
|
|
HTTP/1.1 RFC 7231, Section 6.6.6 |
|
|
透明内容协商在: HTTP RFC 2295, Section 8.1 (实验性的) |
|
|
WebDAV RFC 4918, Section 11.5 |
|
|
WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental) |
|
|
WebDAV Binding Extensions RFC 5842, Section 7.2 (Experimental) |
|
|
Additional HTTP Status Codes RFC 6585, Section 6 |
为了保持向后兼容性,枚举值也以常量形式出现在 http.client
模块中,。 枚举名等于常量名 (例如 http.HTTPStatus.OK
也可以是 http.client.OK
)。
在 3.7 版更改: 添加了 421 MISDIRECTED_REQUEST
状态码。
3.8 新版功能: 添加了 451 UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS
状态码。