互联网协议和支持

本章介绍的模块实现了互联网协议并支持相关技术。 它们都是用 Python 实现的。 这些模块中的大多数都需要存在依赖于系统的模块 socket ，目前大多数流行平台都支持它。 这是一个概述：

• webbrowser --- 方便的Web浏览器控制器
  • 浏览器控制器对象
• cgi --- Common Gateway Interface support
  • 概述
  • 使用cgi模块。
  • Higher Level Interface
  • 函数
  • Caring about security
  • Installing your CGI script on a Unix system
  • Testing your CGI script
  • Debugging CGI scripts
  • Common problems and solutions
• cgitb --- 用于 CGI 脚本的回溯管理器
• wsgiref --- WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation
  • wsgiref.util -- WSGI environment utilities
  • wsgiref.headers -- WSGI response header tools
  • wsgiref.simple_server -- a simple WSGI HTTP server
  • wsgiref.validate --- WSGI conformance checker
  • wsgiref.handlers -- server/gateway base classes
  • 示例
• urllib --- URL 处理模块
• urllib.request --- 用于打开 URL 的可扩展库
  • Request Objects
  • OpenerDirector Objects
  • BaseHandler Objects
  • HTTPRedirectHandler Objects
  • HTTPCookieProcessor Objects
  • ProxyHandler Objects
  • HTTPPasswordMgr Objects
  • HTTPPasswordMgrWithPriorAuth Objects
  • AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects
  • HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects
  • ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects
  • AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects
  • HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects
  • ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects
  • HTTPHandler Objects
  • HTTPSHandler Objects
  • FileHandler Objects
  • DataHandler Objects
  • FTPHandler Objects
  • CacheFTPHandler Objects
  • UnknownHandler Objects
  • HTTPErrorProcessor Objects
  • 示例
  • Legacy interface
  • urllib.request Restrictions
• urllib.response --- urllib 使用的 Response 类
• urllib.parse --- Parse URLs into components
  • URL 解析
  • 解析ASCII编码字节
  • 结构化解析结果
  • URL Quoting
• urllib.error --- urllib.request 引发的异常类
• urllib.robotparser --- robots.txt 语法分析程序
• http --- HTTP 模块
  • HTTP 状态码
• http.client --- HTTP 协议客户端
  • HTTPConnection 对象
  • HTTPResponse 对象
  • 示例
  • HTTPMessage Objects
• ftplib --- FTP protocol client
  • FTP Objects
  • FTP_TLS Objects
• poplib --- POP3 protocol client
  • POP3 Objects
  • POP3 Example
• imaplib --- IMAP4 protocol client
  • IMAP4 Objects
  • IMAP4 Example
• nntplib --- NNTP protocol client
  • NNTP Objects
    • Attributes
    • 方法
  • Utility functions
• smtplib ---SMTP协议客户端
  • SMTP Objects
  • SMTP Example
• smtpd --- SMTP 服务器
  • SMTPServer Objects
  • DebuggingServer Objects
  • PureProxy对象
  • MailmanProxy Objects
  • SMTPChannel Objects
• telnetlib --- Telnet client
  • Telnet Objects
  • Telnet Example
• uuid --- UUID objects according to RFC 4122
  • 示例
• socketserver --- A framework for network servers
  • Server Creation Notes
  • Server Objects
  • Request Handler Objects
  • 示例
    • socketserver.TCPServer Example
    • socketserver.UDPServer Example
    • Asynchronous Mixins
• http.server --- HTTP 服务器
• http.cookies --- HTTP状态管理
  • Cookie 对象
  • Morsel 对象
  • 示例
• http.cookiejar —— HTTP 客户端的 Cookie 处理
  • CookieJar and FileCookieJar Objects
  • FileCookieJar subclasses and co-operation with web browsers
  • CookiePolicy Objects
  • DefaultCookiePolicy Objects
  • Cookie 对象
  • 示例
• xmlrpc --- XMLRPC 服务端与客户端模块
• xmlrpc.client --- XML-RPC client access
  • ServerProxy Objects
  • DateTime 对象
  • Binary Objects
  • Fault Objects
  • ProtocolError Objects
  • MultiCall Objects
  • Convenience Functions
  • Example of Client Usage
  • Example of Client and Server Usage
• xmlrpc.server --- Basic XML-RPC servers
  • SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects
    • SimpleXMLRPCServer Example
  • CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
  • Documenting XMLRPC server
  • DocXMLRPCServer Objects
  • DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler
• ipaddress --- IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library
  • Convenience factory functions
  • IP Addresses
    • Address objects
    • Conversion to Strings and Integers
    • 运算符
      • Comparison operators
      • Arithmetic operators
  • IP Network definitions
    • Prefix, net mask and host mask
    • Network objects
    • 运算符
      • Logical operators
      • 迭代
      • Networks as containers of addresses
  • Interface objects
    • 运算符
      • Logical operators
  • Other Module Level Functions
  • Custom Exceptions