Instance overrides

Instance overrides allow you to create variations between PrefabAn asset type that allows you to store a GameObject complete with components and properties. The prefab acts as a template from which you can create new object instances in the scene. More info
See in Glossary instances, while still linking those instances to the same Prefab AssetAny media or data that can be used in your game or Project. An asset may come from a file created outside of Unity, such as a 3D model, an audio file or an image. You can also create some asset types in Unity, such as an Animator Controller, an Audio Mixer or a Render Texture. More info
See in Glossary.

When you modify a Prefab Asset, the changes are reflected in all of its instances. However, you can also make modifications directly to an individual instance. Doing this creates an instance override on that particular instance.

An example would be if you had a Prefab Asset “Robot”, which you placed in multiple levels in your game. However, each instance of the “Robot” has a different speed value, and a different audio clipA container for audio data in Unity. Unity supports mono, stereo and multichannel audio assets (up to eight channels). Unity can import .aif, .wav, .mp3, and .ogg audio file format, and .xm, .mod, .it, and .s3m tracker module formats. More info
See in Glossary assigned.

There are four different types of instance override:

• Overriding the value of a property

• Adding a component

• Removing a component

• Adding a child GameObject

There are some limitations with Prefab instances: you cannot reparent a GameObjectThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
See in Glossary that is part of a Prefab, and you cannot remove a GameObject that is part of the Prefab. You can, however, deactivate a GameObject, which is a good substitute for removing a GameObject (this counts as a property override).

In the InspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, Asset or Project Settings, alowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
See in Glossary window, instance overrides are shown with their name label in bold, and with a blue line in the left margin. When you add a new component a Prefab instance, the blue line in the margin spans the entire component.

Added and removed components also have plus and minus badges on their icons in the Inspector, and added GameObjects have a plus badge on their icon in the Hierarchy.

Overrides take precedence

An overridden property value on a Prefab instance always takes precedence over the value from the Prefab Asset. This means that if you change a property on a Prefab Asset, it doesn’t have any effect on instances where that property is overridden.

If you make a change to a Prefab Asset, and it does not update all instances as expected, you should check whether that property is overridden on the instance. It is best to only use instance overrides when strictly necessary, because if you have a large number of instance overrides throughout your Project, it can be difficult to tell whether your changes to the Prefab Asset will or won’t have an effect on all of the instances.

Alignment is specific to Prefab instance

The alignment of a Prefab instance is a special case, and is handled differently to other properties. The alignment values are never carried across from the Prefab Asset to the Prefab instances. This means they can always differ from the Prefab Asset’s alignment without it being an explicit instance override. Specifically, the alignment means the Position and Rotation properties on the root TransformThe Transform at the top of a hierarchy of Transforms. In a Prefab, the Root Transform is the topmost Transform in the Prefab. In an animated humanoid character, the Root Transform is a projection on the Y plane of the Body Transform and is computed at run time. At every frame, a change in the Root Transform is computed, and then this is applied to the GameObject to make it move. More info
See in Glossary of the Prefab instance, and for a Rect Transform this also includes the Width, Height, Margins, AnchorsA UI layout tool that fixes a UI element to a parent element. Anchors are shown as four small triangular handles in the Scene View and anchor information is also shown in the Inspector. More info
See in Glossary and Pivot properties.

This is because it is extremely rare to require multiple instances of a Prefab to take on the same position and rotation. More commonly, you will want your prefab instances to be at different positions and rotations, so Unity does not count these as Prefab overrides.

• 2018–07–31 Page published with limited editorial review

• Nested Prefabs and Prefab Variants added in 2018.3