docker-compose run

Estimated reading time: 2 minutes 
Usage:
    run [options] [-v VOLUME...] [-p PORT...] [-e KEY=VAL...] [-l KEY=VALUE...]
        SERVICE [COMMAND] [ARGS...]

Options:
    -d, --detach          Detached mode: Run container in the background, print
                          new container name.
    --name NAME           Assign a name to the container
    --entrypoint CMD      Override the entrypoint of the image.
    -e KEY=VAL            Set an environment variable (can be used multiple times)
    -l, --label KEY=VAL   Add or override a label (can be used multiple times)
    -u, --user=""         Run as specified username or uid
    --no-deps             Don't start linked services.
    --rm                  Remove container after run. Ignored in detached mode.
    -p, --publish=[]      Publish a container's port(s) to the host
    --service-ports       Run command with the service's ports enabled and mapped
                          to the host.
    --use-aliases         Use the service's network aliases in the network(s) the
                          container connects to.
    -v, --volume=[]       Bind mount a volume (default [])
    -T                    Disable pseudo-tty allocation. By default `docker-compose run`
                          allocates a TTY.
    -w, --workdir=""      Working directory inside the container

Runs a one-time command against a service. For example, the following command starts the web service and runs bash as its command.

docker-compose run web bash

Commands you use with run start in new containers with configuration defined by that of the service, including volumes, links, and other details. However, there are two important differences.

First, the command passed by run overrides the command defined in the service configuration. For example, if the web service configuration is started with bash, then docker-compose run web python app.py overrides it with python app.py.

The second difference is that the docker-compose run command does not create any of the ports specified in the service configuration. This prevents port collisions with already-open ports. If you do want the service’s ports to be created and mapped to the host, specify the --service-ports flag:

docker-compose run --service-ports web python manage.py shell

Alternatively, manual port mapping can be specified with the --publish or -p options, just as when using docker run:

docker-compose run --publish 8080:80 -p 2022:22 -p 127.0.0.1:2021:21 web python manage.py shell

If you start a service configured with links, the run command first checks to see if the linked service is running and starts the service if it is stopped. Once all the linked services are running, the run executes the command you passed it. For example, you could run:

docker-compose run db psql -h db -U docker

This opens an interactive PostgreSQL shell for the linked db container.

If you do not want the run command to start linked containers, use the --no-deps flag:

docker-compose run --no-deps web python manage.py shell

If you want to remove the container after running while overriding the container’s restart policy, use the --rm flag:

docker-compose run --rm web python manage.py db upgrade

This runs a database upgrade script, and removes the container when finished running, even if a restart policy is specified in the service configuration.

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